ASTM_D_8144_-_22.pdf

Designation:D814422Standard Test Method forSeparation and Determination of Aromatics,Nonaromatics,and FAME Fractions in Middle Distillates by Solid-PhaseExtraction and Gas Chromatography1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8144;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the separation and determina-tion of representative aromatics,nonaromatics,and fatty acidmethyl ester(FAME)fractions in middle distillates that boilbetween 170 C and 400 C,including biodiesel blends with upto 20%by volume of FAME,by solid phase extraction and gaschromatography.1.2 This test method provides two procedures,A and B.Procedure A is applicable to the petroleum-based middledistillates fuel,and Procedure B is applicable to the biodieselblends with up to 20%by volume of FAME.1.3 This test method is applicable to middle distillatessamples with aromatics content ranging from 5%to 50%bymass and biodiesel blends with FAME content in the range of0.5%to 20%by volume.This test method may apply toconcentrations outside these ranges,but the precision has notbeen determined.1.4 For Procedure B,biodiesels in the form of fatty acidethyl ester(FAEE)can also fully elute into the FAME fraction,and they have the similar FID(flame ionization detector)relative response factors with that of FAME.The determinedcontent of FAME fractions are the sum of concentrations ofFAME and FAEE by this test method(see 3.2.5).1.5 From the investigation results obtained for FAMEdetermination,the low concentrations of monoglycerides(usu-ally less than 0.5%by mass in biodiesel blends)are notdetectable under the gas chromatographic(GC)condition ofthis test method and will not interfere with the determination ofFAME by Procedure B.As a result,biodiesel blends,conform-ing to the requirements of Specification D7467,containing upto 20%by volume of biodiesel blendstock meeting therequirements in Specification D6751,typically contain concen-trations of monoglycerides of less than 0.1%by mass.Thediglycerides and triglycerides,if present,are not detected underthe GC condition of this test method due to their higher boilingpoints.NOTE1If a sample is suspected of containing an abnormal FAMEbiodiesel feedstock than specified in Specification D6751,for example,asample contaminated with vegetable oil with a high level of totaltriglycerides,the content of mono-,di-,or tri-glycerides in the isolatedFAME fraction may be determined using Test Method D6584.Samplescontaining biodiesels with a high amount of glycerides than specified inSpecification D6751 may contaminate the GC column and not recom-mended for this test method.1.6 The values stated in acceptable SI units are to beregarded as the standard.No other units of measurement areincluded in this standard1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2425 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Middle Dis-tillates by Mass SpectrometryD2549 Test Method for Separation of Representative Aro-matics and Nonaromatics Fractions of High-Boiling Oilsby Elution ChromatographyD2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Pe-troleum Fractions by Gas ChromatographyD4052 Test Method for Density,Relative Density,and APIGravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods.Current edition approved Nov.1,2022.Published November 2022.Originallyapproved in 2018.Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D8144 181.DOI:10.1520/D8144-22.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the