ASTM_D_8333_-_20.pdf

Designation:D833320Standard Practice forPreparation of Water Samples with High,Medium,or LowSuspended Solids for Identification and Quantification ofMicroplastic Particles and Fibers Using RamanSpectroscopy,IR Spectroscopy,or Pyrolysis-GC/MS1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8333;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice provides for the sample preparation ofcollected water samples with high,medium,or low suspendedsolids to determine the presence,count,polymer type,andphysical characteristics of microplastic particles and fibers.Ithas been designed for the preparation of samples collectedfrom drinking water,surface waters,wastewater influent andeffluent(secondary and tertiary),and marine waters usingcollection practice(Practice D8332).This practice is notlimited to these particular water matrices;however,the appli-cability of this practice to other aqueous matrices must bedemonstrated.1.2 This practice consists of a wet peroxide oxidationfollowed by progressive enzymatic digestion to the extentnecessary to remove interfering organic constituents such ascellulose,lipids and chitin that are typically found in abun-dance in water matrices of samples with high to mediumsuspended solids such as wastewater influent.For watersamples with low suspended solids,such as but not limited todrinking water and tertiary treated wastewater,the oxidationand digestion steps may not be necessary.1.3 Water samples prepared using this practice are suitablefor analysis utilizing either Pyrolysis-GC/MS methods forqualitative identification and mass quantitation,or IR spectros-copy or Raman spectroscopy for identifying the quantity(number count)and composition(polymer type)of microplas-tic particles.If desired,microplastic particle size and shapemay be ascertained with appropriate instruments such as ascanning electron microscope(SEM)and microscopy tech-niques.1.4 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD8332 Practice for Collection of Water Samples with High,Medium,or Low Suspended Solids for Identification andQuantification of Microplastic Particles and Fibers3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard,refer toTerminology D883.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 effluent,nany stage of treated wastewater.3.2.2 influent,nraw sewage entering a wastewater treat-ment facility.3.2.3 microplastic,nany solid,synthetic organic poly-meric material to which chemical additives or other substancesmay have been added,which are particles 5 mm in theirlargest dimension,and fibers no longer than 15 mm in lengthwith an aspect ratio of at least 30:1 and 120%of thereference sphere particles or fragments is an indication that thepreparation is overly aggressive and causing fragmentation ofparticles.Shaker speed and centrifuge speed should be reduceduntil fragmentation is no longer observed.8.5 Initially,a negative control(blank)will be determinedby a petri dish,centrifuge tube,pipette and slide that have gonethrough the complete preparation process(handling,oxidation,digestion,centrifuging,removal,slide placement and subse-quent analysis),minus sample sieve materials,for each prepa-ration of interest.9.Keywords9.1 all water matrices;analytical quality assurance;calibra-tion samples;collection procedures;count-based;drinkingwater;high turbidity waters;low turbidity waters;mass-based;microplastic pollution measurement;microplastics;proficiencysamples;quality assurance;quality control;quantification pro-cedures;reference samples;sample preparation;samplingprocedures;suspended solids;wastewaterD8333 203RELATED MATERIALASTM D5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous SamplesLoder,G.J.M.,Imhof,K.H.,Ladehoff,M.,Loschel,A.L.,Lorenz,C.,Mintenig,S.,Piehl,S.,Primpke,S.,Schrank,I.,Laforsch,C.,andGerdts,G.,“Enzymatic Purification of Microplastics in EnvironmentalSamples,”Environmental Science and Technology,Vol 51,2017,pp.