ASTM_D_889_-_13_2017.pdf

Designation:D88913(Reapproved 2017)Standard Test Method forVolatile Oil in Rosin1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D889;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the volatileoil content of rosin or similar material.The oil may consist ofnaturally occurring terpene oil,such as heavy fractions ofturpentine,resulting from incomplete distillation in the pro-cessing of the rosin,or of foreign nonterpene oil resulting fromincomplete removal of mineral or coal-tar solvent used toextract the rosin from wood or still wastes.In certain cases thevolatile oil could consist of decarboxylated rosin formedduring the processing of the rosin.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D233 Test Methods of Sampling and Testing TurpentineE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers3.Significance and Use3.1 Rosin and similar materials such as rosin derivativesoften contain volatile material derived from the raw materialused or formed as a result of the processing of the rosin.Thisvolatile material can have a significant effect on the physicaland chemical properties of the rosin and so a standard methodfor its determination is required.4.Apparatus4.1 Flask,500-mLround-bottom having a thermometer welland a 24/40 standard-taper ground joint for connection with thetrap(see Fig.1).4.2 Trap(Fig.2),designed so as to overcome the tendencyfor droplets of oil to remain below the surface of the water,dueto the greater viscosity of the volatile oils recovered from rosin,and thus be returned to the flask(Note 1).The trap shall befitted with 24/40 standard-taper ground joints to provide tightconnections with the flask and condenser,in order to avoidvapor loss.NOTE1This trap is a modification of the original Clevenger trap usedto recover oils lighter than water.In that trap the oil and water condensatedrop directly into the graduated part of the trap.Due to the viscouscharacter,density,and surface tension of the oils recovered from rosin,cylindrical columns of oil were formed below the surface of the water inthe graduated section of the trap,which were not penetrated by the watercondensed immediately thereafter.This resulted in alternate columns of oiland water in the graduated section.These were returned to the distillingflask in the same order as they occurred,through the side arm of the trap.As this condition continued indefinitely,it was impossible to completelyremove all the oil from the rosin.By raising the opening of the side armof the trap to the position shown,to bring the surface of the liquid into thewide part of the trap above the narrow graduated section,the oil iscollected in a thinner film that can be penetrated readily by the droplets ofwater falling from the end of the condenser,and only the water is thuscollected in the narrow graduated section.At the end of the test,the oil isslowly brought down into the graduated section and its volume read.Thesystem or apparatus loss amounts to not more than 0.1 mL of oil.4.3 Condenser,straight-tube,300-mm,water-jacketed refluxtype,with a 24/40 standard-taper ground joint for connectionwith the trap.4.4 Heat SourceAn oil bath containing high-temperature-resistant oil,or an electric heater of the mantle type in whichthe heating elements are encased in a glass cloth mantle of suchshape as to partially or completely surround the flask beingheated.4.5 Thermometer,having a range from 30 to 200C,ASTM16C or equivalent(see Specification E1).Alternatively anymercury free temperature measuring device with precisionequivalent to those listed in Specification E1 may be used.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.34 on Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon Resins.Current edition approved Dec.1,2017.Published December 2017.Originallyapproved in 1946.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D889 13.DOI:10.1520/D0889-13R17.2F