ASTM_D_870_-_15.pdf

Designation:D87015Standard Practice forTesting Water Resistance of Coatings Using WaterImmersion1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D870;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This practice covers the basic principles and operatingprocedures for testing water resistance of coatings by thepartial or complete immersion of coated specimens in distilledor de-mineralized water at ambient or elevated temperatures.Although the apparatus and procedure could be employed inimmersion tests using solutions of various materials in water,this practice is limited to tests in water alone.1.2 This practice is limited to the methods of obtaining,measuring,and controlling the conditions and procedures ofwater immersion tests.It does not specify specimenpreparation,specific test conditions,or evaluation of results.NOTE1Alternative practices for testing the water resistance ofcoatings include Practices D1735,D2247,and D4585.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D609 Practice for Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panelsfor Testing Paint,Varnish,Conversion Coatings,andRelated Coating ProductsD610 Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on PaintedSteel SurfacesD714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering ofPaintsD823 Practices for Producing Films of Uniform Thicknessof Paint,Varnish,and Related Products on Test PanelsD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1654 Test Method for Evaluation of Painted or CoatedSpecimens Subjected to Corrosive EnvironmentsD1730 PracticesforPreparationof AluminumandAluminum-Alloy Surfaces for PaintingD1735 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of CoatingsUsing Water Fog ApparatusD2247 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in100%Relative HumidityD2616 Test Method for Evaluation of Visual Color Differ-ence With a Gray ScaleD3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape TestD3363 Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil TestD4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings UsingPortable Adhesion TestersD4585 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of CoatingsUsing Controlled Condensation3.Summary of Practice3.1 Coated specimens are partially or wholly immersed inwater in a container that is resistant to corrosion.The exposureconditions are varied by selecting:(a)the temperature of thewater,and(b)the duration of the test.Water permeates thecoating at rates that are dependent upon the characteristics ofthe coating and upon the temperature of the water.Any effectssuch as color change,blistering,loss of adhesion,softening,orembrittlement are observed and reported.4.Significance and Use4.1 Immersion in water can cause the degradation of coat-ings.Knowledge on how a coating resists water immersion ishelpful in predicting its service life.Failure in a waterimmersion test may be caused by a number of factors includinga deficiency in the coating itself,contamination of thesubstrate,or inadequate surface preparation.The test is there-fore useful for evaluating coatings alone or complete coatingsystems.4.2 Water immersion tests are used for research and devel-opment of coatings and substrate treatments,specificationacceptance,and quality control in manufacturing.These tests1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRelated Coatings,Materials,and Applications and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.27 on Accelerated Testing.Current edition approved Feb.1,2015.Published March 2015.Originallyapproved in 1946.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D870 09.DOI:10.1520/D0870-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 typically result in a pass or fail determination,but the degree offailure may also be measured.A coating system is consideredto pass if there is no evidence of water-related failure after aspecified period of time.4.3 Results obtained from water immersion tests in accor-dance with this practice should not be represented as beingequivalent to a period of exposure to water in the naturalenvironment,unti