ASTM_D_8127_-_17e1.pdf

Designation:D8127171Standard Test Method forCoupled Particulate and Elemental Analysis using X-rayFluorescence(XRF)for In-Service Lubricants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8127;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEA heading in Table 3 was corrected editorially in April 2018.1.Scope1.1 This automatic wear particle analysis2test method forin-service lubricants describes using a combination of poreblockage particle counting and energy dispersive X-ray fluo-rescence(EDXRF)spectrometry for the quantitative determi-nation of solid particle counts larger than four(4)micrometres,and elemental content of suspended particulate of iron(Fe)andcopper(Cu)in such lubricants.1.2 This test method provides for the determination of theelemental content of suspended particulate of Fe greater than4 m in the range of 6 mg/kg to 223 mg/kg.Suspendedparticulate of copper greater than 4 m is determined in therange of 3.5 mg/kg to 92.4 mg/kg in the lubricant.Total particlecount greater than 4 m is determined in the range of11 495 particles mL greater than 4 m to 2 169 500 parti-cles mL greater than 4 m in the lubricant.1.3 This test method is applicable to all known in-servicelubricants(API Groups I-V)at any stage of degradation.1.4 This test method uses an empirical inter-element correc-tion methodology.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD5854 Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samplesof Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD7669 Guide for Practical Lubricant Condition Data TrendAnalysisD7720 Guide for Statistically Evaluating Measurand AlarmLimits when Using Oil Analysis to Monitor Equipmentand Oil for Fitness and ContaminationD7751 Test Method for Determination of Additive Elementsin Lubricating Oils by EDXRF AnalysisD7874 Guide for Applying Failure Mode and Effect Analy-sis(FMEA)to In-Service Lubricant TestingE1621 Guide for Elemental Analysis by Wavelength Disper-sive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO 21018:3 Hydraulic fluid powerMonitoring the levelof particulate contamination of the fluidPart 3:Use ofthe filter blockage technique3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 contaminant particles,nparticles introduced froman extraneous source into the lubricant of a machine or engine.3.1.2 empirical inter-element correction,nlinear inter-element correction that is constructed from a matrix of cali-bration samples prepared with varying levels and amounts of1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.Current edition approved July 1,2017.Published August 2017.DOI:10.1520/D8127-17E01.2Iron(Fe)and copper(Cu)alloy metals are common elements for machine loadbearing surfaces including bearings,gears,pistons,rings,valves,pins,couplings,and cylinders.This in-service lubricant analysis method addresses common chal-lenges associated with extracting,counting,sizing,and elementally analyzingtelltale wear debris so that appropriate observations and actions may be recom-mended.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 known interferences.By diagonalizing the matrix of elementsand interferences,an equation for the inter-element correctionsfor each element of interest is obtained.3.1.3 filter active area,narea of t