ASTM_D_8000_-_15.pdf

Designation:D800015Standard Practice forFlow Conditioning of Natural Gas and Liquids1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8000;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers flow conditioners that produce afully developed flow profile for liquid and gas phase fluid flowfor circular duct sizes 1-to 60-in.(25.4-to 1525-mm)diameterand Reynolds Number(Re)ranges from transition(100)to100 000 000.These flow conditioners can be used for any typeof flow meter or development of a fully developed flow profilefor other uses.1.2 The central single-hole configuration that is derivedusing fundamental screen theory is referenced as the flowconditioner described herein.1.3 Piping lengths upstream and downstream of a flowconditioner are considered a critical component of a flowconditioner and constitute the complete flow conditioner sys-tem.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4150 Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels2.2 AGA Standard:3AGA Report No.8 Compressibility Factor of Natural Gasand Related Hydrocarbon Gases3.Terminology3.1 Refer to Terminology D4150 for general definitionsrelated to gaseous fuels.Definitions specific to this standardfollow.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 annuli,nring-shaped object,structure,or region.3.2.2 axial symmetry,nsymmetry around an axis;anobject is axially symmetric if its appearance is unchanged ifrotated around an axis.3.2.3 Reynolds number,ndimensionless number used influid mechanics to indicate whether fluid flow past a body or ina duct is steady or turbulent.3.2.4 velocity profile,nvariation in velocity along a line atright angles to the general direction of flow.4.Significance and Use4.1 Flow conditioners are used for the conditioning of theturbulent flow profile of gases or liquids to reduce the ADD(velocity profile distortion)DEL(turbulence),swirl,or irregu-larities caused by the installation effects of piping elbows,length of pipe,valves,tees,and other such equipment or pipingconfigurations that will affect the reading of flow measurementmeters thus inducing measurement errors as a result of the flowprofile of the gas or liquid not having a fully developed flowprofile at the measurement point.45.Flow Conditioner Design Methodology5.1 Pipe Flow ProfilesAlmost any description can beprescribed by using the perforated plate utilizing screen theory.That is,any upstream velocity profile,U1,can be changed to adownstream velocity profile,U2,with the use of a screen(herein referred to as a flow conditioner)(see Fig.1).NOTE1The upstream flow profile need not be mathematically definedor even known.5.1.1 The intent of the screen theory methodology is tosuppress or allow flow such that the axi-symmetric distributionof the fluid flow eventually manifests itself into a fullydeveloped stateg(r).Separating the pipe flow into annuli and1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D03 on GaseousFuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.12 on On-Line/At-LineAnalysis of Gaseous Fuels.Current edition approved Sept.15,2015.Published October 2015.DOI:10.1520/D800015.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from the American Gas Association,400 N.Capital St.,NW,Washington,DC 20001, various Coriolis Flow Meter manufacturer statements:A Coriolis FlowMeter reportedly does not require flow conditioning,therefore this ASTM standarddoes not apply.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 correlating the openness of each annulus in terms of aneffective beta ratio of that annulus with respect to a discretizedreference fully developed velocity flow profile is then done tohave the resultant velocity flow profile fully developed orsome chosen function,g(r).The annuli and accompanyingnomenclature are defined in Fig.2.5.1.2 For a screen,the relationship between the downstreamU2and upstream U1velocities can be shown to follow therelationship between sudden enlargements and contractions(the flow conditioner holes)a