ASTM_E_2126_-_11.pdf

Designation:E212611Standard Test Methods forCyclic(Reversed)Load Test for Shear Resistance of VerticalElements of the Lateral Force Resisting Systems forBuildings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2126;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the evaluation of the shearstiffness,shear strength,and ductility of the vertical elementsof lateral force resisting systems,including applicable shearconnections and hold-down connections,under quasi-staticcyclic(reversed)load conditions.1.2 These test methods are intended for specimens con-structed from wood or metal framing braced with solidsheathing or other methods or structural insulated panels.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2395 Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Wood andWood-Based MaterialsD4442 Test Methods for Direct Moisture Content Measure-ment of Wood and Wood-Base MaterialsD4444 Test Method for Laboratory Standardization andCalibration of Hand-Held Moisture MetersE564 Practice for Static Load Test for Shear Resistance ofFramed Walls for BuildingsE575 Practice for Reporting Data from Structural Tests ofBuilding Constructions,Elements,Connections,and As-sembliesE631 Terminology of Building Constructions2.2 ISO Standard:3ISO 16670 Timber StructuresJoints Made with Mechani-cal FastenersQuasi-static Reversed-cyclic Test Method2.3 Other Standards:4ANSI/AF&PA NDS National Design Specification for WoodConstruction3.Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard,seeTerminology E631.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 ductility ratio,cyclic(D),nthe ratio of the ultimatedisplacement(u)and the yield displacement(yield)of aspecimen observed in cyclic test.3.2.2 elastic shear stiffness(Ke)(see 9.1.4,Fig.1),ntheresistance to deformation of a specimen in the elastic rangebefore the first major event(FME)is achieved,which can beexpressed as a slope measured by the ratio of the resisted shearload to the corresponding displacement.3.2.3 envelope curve(see Fig.2),nthe locus of extremi-ties of the load-displacement hysteresis loops,which containsthe peak loads from the first cycle of each phase of the cyclicloading and neglects points on the hysteresis loops where theabsolute value of the displacement at the peak load is less thanthat in the previous phase.3.2.3.1 DiscussionSpecimen displacement in the positivedirection produces a positive envelope curve;the negativespecimen displacement produces a negative envelope curve.The positive direction is based on outward movement of thehydraulic actuator.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 onPerformance of Buildings and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.11on Horizontal and Vertical Structures/Structural Performance of Completed Struc-tures.Current edition approved May 1,2011.Published May 2011.Originallyapproved in 2001.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E2126 10.DOI:10.1520/E2126-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from International Organization for Standardization(ISO),1,ch.dela Voie-Creuse,Case postale 56,CH-1211,Geneva 20,Switzerland,http:/www.iso.ch.4Available from American Forest and Paper Association(AF&PA),1111 19thSt.,NW,Suite 800,Washington,DC 20036,http:/www.afandpa.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2.4 envelope curve,average(see Fig.3),nenvelopecurve obtained by averaging the absolute values of load anddisplacement of the corresponding positive and the negativeenvelope points for each cycle.3.2.5 equivalent energy elastic-plastic(EEEP)curve(see9.1.4,Fig.1),nan ideal elastic-plastic curve circumscribingan area equal to the area enclosed by the envelope curvebetween the origin,the ultimate displacement,and the dis-placement axis.For monotonic tests,the observed load-displacement curve is used to calculate the EEEP curve.3.2.6 failure limit state,nthe point on the envelope curvecorresponding to the last data point with the absolute loadequal o