ASTM_E_2120_-_10.pdf

Designation:E212010Standard Practice forPerformance Evaluation of the Portable X-Ray FluorescenceSpectrometer for the Measurement of Lead in Paint Films1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2120;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers portable X-ray fluorescence(XRF)instruments intended for the measurement of lead in paint.It isintended that manufacturers apply this practice to one unit of aparticular model of an instrument when that model is initiallyavailable.Replicate tests on additional units of the same modelof an instrument are to be performed at the discretion of themanufacturer.This practice also is intended for use by thirdparties performing independent evaluation of portable X-rayfluorescence instruments.1.2 All performance evaluation data are to be in SI units.1.3 Tests of performance are based on replicate measure-ments of certified reference paint films on a variety of substratematerials.Tests are performed to determine:bias,precision,linearity,limit of detection,interferences,substrate affects,andstability.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3332 Test Methods for Mechanical-Shock Fragility ofProducts,Using Shock MachinesE344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-etryE456 Terminology Relating to Quality and StatisticsE1605 Terminology Relating to Lead in Buildings2.2 ANSI Standards:3ANSI N5381979 Classification of Industrial Ionizing Ra-diation Gauging DevicesANSI N3231978 Radiation Protection Instrumentation Testand Calibration2.3 ISO Standards:3ISO 2919 Radiation Protection Sealed RadioactiveSources General Requirements and Classification2.4 UL Standards:4UL 544 Safety for Medical andDental EquipmentUL 31011 Chemical Analyzers3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 accuracy,nthe theoretical maximum error of ameasurement,expressed as the proportion of the amount beingmeasured without regard for the direction of the error,that isachieved with a given probability(typically 0.95)by themethod.53.1.2 bias,nthe discrepancy between the mean of thedistribution of measurements from a method and the trueconcentration being measured.3.1.3 limit of detection,nthe smallest(true)signal thatwill be detected with a probability 1 (is the probability ofan error of the second kind,failing to decide that a substanceis present when it is),where the a posteriori decision mecha-nism has a built-in protection level,(is the probability of anerror of the first kind,deciding that the substance is presentwhen it is not),against falsely concluding that a blankobservation represents a“real”signal.The and termstypically are 5%or 1%,depending on the requirements of thetesting program.61This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Perfor-mance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.23 on LeadHazards Associated with Buildings.Current edition approved Oct.1,2010.Published November 2010.Originallyapproved in 1999 as PS 116 99.Last previous edition approved in 2000 asE2120 00 which was withdrawn January 2009 and reinstated in October 2010.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.4Available from Underwriters Laboratories(UL),333 Pfingsten Rd.,Northbrook,IL 60062-2096,http:/.5Kennedy,E.R.,T.J.Fischbach,R.Song,P.M.Miller,and S.A.Shulman,Guidelines for Air Sampling and Analytical Method Development and Evaluation,DHHS(NIOSH)Publication No.95117.National Institute for Occupational Safetyand Health,Cincinnati,OH 45226,May 1995.6Currie,L.A.,“LimitsforQualitativeDetectionandQuantitativeDetermination,”Analytical Chemistry,Vol 40,No.3,1968,pp.586593.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.1.4 precision,nthe closeness of agreement betweenrepetitive test results obtained under prescribed conditions(seeTerminology E456).The precision of a single instrument is therandom component of its accuracy and is usually indicated bythe value of the standard deviation.3.2 The definitions given in Terminologies E344 and E1605shall apply to this practice.3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.3.1 battery charger,na means for recharging