ASTM_E_2035_-_12.pdf

Designation:E203512Standard Terminology Relating toForensic Psychophysiology1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2035;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This is a compilation of terms and correspondingdefinitions used in forensic psychophysiology.Legal or scien-tific terms that generally are understood or defined adequatelyin other readily available sources may not be included.1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional infor-mation included in notes.It is reviewed every five years,andthe year of the last review or revision is appended.1.3 Definitions identical to those published by anotherstandards organization or ASTM committee are identified withthe abbreviation of the name of the organization or theidentifying document and ASTM committee;for example,ASME is the American Society of Mechanical Engineering.1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular field areidentified with an abbreviation.2.Significance and Use2.1 These terms have particular application to the scientificdiscipline of forensic psychophysiology.In addition,a hierar-chy of sources of definitions are used in the development ofthis terminology.The hierarchy is as follows:Websterss NewWorld Dictionary,Third College Edition;technical dictionar-ies;and the Compilation of ASTM Standard Definitions.Thesubcommittee developed a suitable definition after all of thesources in the hierarchy are found wanting.3.Terminology3.1 Terms and Definitions:Air Force modified general question test(AFMGQT),ntest format with flexible question orderings and numbersof relevant questions.DISCUSSIONThe AFMGQT can be used in single-issue,multiplefacet,and multiple-issue PDD examinations.The AFMGQT usesrelevant,comparison,sacrifice relevant and irrelevant questions.artifact,na change in a PDD tracing that is not arributable toa review test question,stimulus,recovery,or homeostasis.cardiovascular tracing,na display of physiological patternsof the subjects relative blood pressure and pulse rate.DISCUSSIONThe cardiograph component records this parison question,ntype of question,the physiologicalresponses from which are compared to those generated bythe relevant questions.counterintelligence-scope polygraph(CSP),nscreeningexamination administered by the Federal Government onindividuals with sensitive security clearances to detect anddeter espionage,security breaches,sabotage,or other actsagainst the government.DISCUSSIONSometimes referred to as a loyalty examination.Daubert v.Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals,Inc.,nalthoughnot a PDD case,the Daubert case set aside the landmarkFrye rules“general acceptability”provisions in favor of theFederal Rules of Evidence.DISCUSSIONThis paved the way for the admissibility of PDDevidence in most jurisdictions.2deception indicated(DI),na conventional term for a PDDoutcome.DISCUSSIONA decision of DI means that the physiological data arestable and interpretable and that the evaluation criteria used by theexaminer concluded that the examinee was not being completelytruthful to the relevant issue.DI corresponds to the term significantphysiological responses(SPR).deception test,na family of PDD examinations where directquestions are posed to the examinee during physiologicalrecording regarding the examinees involvement in what iscovered in the relevant question.DISCUSSIONUnlike recognition tests,both truthful and deceptiveexaminees are aware of which questions are relevant,and directparticipation,not just recognition,is tested.Deception tests includePDD comparison question tests and PDD relevant/irrelevant tests.differential salience,nan expression that characterizes thetendency for the magnitude of physiological responses toreveal the perceived psychological significance an individualattaches to specific stimuli which,under controlled condi-tions,permits a reliable inference of either recognition or1This terminology standard is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E52on Forensic Psychophysiology and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE52.06 on Terminology.Current edition approved March 1,2012.Published March 2012.Originallyapproved in 1999.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as E2035 11.DOI:10.1520/E2035-12.2For more information,see Daubert v.Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals,Inc.(1992),509 U.S.579,125 1.Ed 2d 469;United States v.Frye 54 App D.C.46,293 F 1013.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 deception by the comparison of response magnitudes to allstimuli within a defined grouping.disclosure examinations over sexual history,na clinicalpolygraph examination intended to explore pre-conviction“lifetime”sexual behavioral histories and activities whichinclude the disclosure