ASTM_E_196_-_06_2012.pdf

Designation:E19606(Reapproved 2012)Standard Practice forGravity Load Testing of Floors and Low Slope Roofs1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E196;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers static load testing of floors and lowslope roofs(roofs having a slope of less than 1 in 12)underactual or simulated service conditions,and is applicable totypical elements or sections of structures fabricated for test orto actual existing building components.This practice is in-tended for use in determining the strength and stiffness ofelements or sections of floors and roofs of buildings undergravity loads,as well as in checking the design,materials,connections,and the quality of the fabrication of such buildingconstructions.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-tion only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E575 Practice for Reporting Data from Structural Tests ofBuilding Constructions,Elements,Connections,and As-sembliesE631 Terminology of Building Constructions3.Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms in this practice,see TerminologyE631.4.Significance and Use4.1 This practice is intended to be used by parties involvedin the testing of floors and roofs of structures either in the fieldor the laboratory.Tests are either proof tests or tests to failure,and are applicable to all construction materials.The practice isnot intended for use in routine quality control testing ofindividual building elements or constructions.5.Types of Tests5.1 Proof TestsProof tests are intended to give assurancethat the construction will support a specified load or will notexceed a given deflection under this load,or both.If the flooror roof is to be placed in service after the proof test,or is partof an existing structure which must remain in service after thetest,great care must be exercised to determine that structuraldamage has not occurred,or that if failure did occur,damage isminimal and the safety of personnel is not jeopardized.5.2 Failure TestsFailure tests are carried out to obtainmore detailed information on the performance,ultimate loadcarrying capacity,the mode of failure,the adequacy of theconnections,and to develop the complete load-deflection curvefor the construction(s).6.Test Specimens6.1 The area or size of the test specimen shall be arepresentative section,taken to duplicate the structural perfor-mance of the actual floor or roof,or shall be a typical elementor bay of an existing structure.When a loading test isperformed on a particular floor or roof composed of manyidentical segments,the selection of a representative test sectionshall be approved by the building official or party for whom thetest is being performed.Normally only one representativeportion of the structure need be tested,except where variousareas of a floor or roof are subject to differing types of loading,or where a number of structural elements or sections in abuilding are suspect and to be proof loaded.6.2 The condition of the materials in the assembly to betested shall be reasonably equivalent,at the time of test,to theconditions assumed in the design or representative of the actualin-service conditions.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Perfor-mance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.11 onHorizontal and Vertical Structures/Structural Performance of Completed Structures.Current edition approved Oct.1,2012.Published October 2012.Originallyapproved in 1962.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E196 06.DOI:10.1520/E0196-06R12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.Simulated Structures7.1 When a loading test is carried out on a simulatedstructure,the support conditions and the fixity of the edges ofthe floor or roof developed in the actual structure shall bereproduced as closely as possible in the test specimen.7.2 Thematerials,structuralshapes,connections,connectors,and