ASTM_E_2580_-_12.pdf

Designation:E258012Standard Practice forUltrasonic Testing of Flat Panel Composites and SandwichCore Materials Used in Aerospace Applications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2580;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This practice establishes two procedures for ultrasonictesting(UT)of flat panel composites and flat sandwich corepanels(parallel surfaces).Typical as-fabricated lay-ups includeuniaxial,cross ply and angle ply laminates;as well as honey-comb sandwich core materials.These procedures can be usedthroughout the life cycle of the materials;product and processdesign optimization,on line process control,after manufactureinspection,and in service inspection.Contact methods such asangle-beam techniques using shear waves,or surface-beamtechniques using Lamb waves,are not discussed.1.2 Ultrasonic testing is a common sub surface method fordetection of laminar oriented discontinuities.Two techniquescan be considered based on panel surface accessibility;pulseecho for one sided and through transmission(bubblers/squirters)for two sided.As used in this practice,both requirethe use of a pulsed straight-beam ultrasonic longitudinal wavefollowed by observing indications of either the reflected(pulse-echo)or received(through transmission)wave.Thegeneral types of anomalies detected by both techniques includeforeign materials,delamination,disbond/un-bond,fiber de-bonding,inclusions,porosity,and voids.1.3 This practice provides two ultrasonic test procedures.Each has its own merits and requirements for inspection andshall be selected as agreed upon in a contractual document.1.3.1 Test Procedure A,Pulse Echo(non-contacting andcontacting),is at a minimum a single transducer transmittingand receiving a longitudinal wave in the range of 0.5 to 20MHz(see Fig.1).This procedure requires access to only oneside of the specimen.This procedure can be conducted byautomated or manual means.Automated and manual testresults may be imaged or recorded.1.3.2 Test Procedure B,Through Transmission,is a combi-nation of two transducers.One transmits a longitudinal waveand the other receives the longitudinal wave in the range of 0.5MHz to 20 MHz(see Fig.2).This procedure requires access toboth sides of the specimen.This procedure is automated andthe examination results are recorded.1.4 This practice does not specify accept-reject criteria.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C274 Terminology of Structural Sandwich ConstructionsD3878 Terminology for Composite MaterialsD5687/D5687M Guide for Preparation of Flat CompositePanels with Processing Guidelines for Specimen Prepara-tionE114 Practice for Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Straight-BeamContact TestingE543 Specification for Agencies Performing NondestructiveTestingE1309 GuideforIdentificationofFiber-ReinforcedPolymer-Matrix Composite Materials in DatabasesE1316 Terminology for Nondestructive ExaminationsE1434 Guide for Recording Mechanical Test Data of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials in DatabasesE1471 Guide for Identification of Fibers,Fillers,and CoreMaterials in Computerized Material Property Databases2.2 SAE Standards:3ARP 5605 Solid Composite Laminate NDI ReferenceStandards,Issued 2001-09ARP 5606 CompositeHoneycombNDIReferenceStandards,Issued 2001-091This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.06 onUltrasonic Method.Current edition approved June 15,2012.Published July 2012.Originallyapproved in 2007.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as E2580-07.DOI:10.1520/E2580-12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Society of Automotive Engineers(SAE),400 CommonwealthDr.,Warrendale,PA 15096-0001,http:/www.sae.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 2.3AIA Standard:4NAS-410 Nondestructive Testing Certification of Personnel2.4ASNT Standards:5SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualifi-cation and Certification in Nondestructive TestingANSI/ASNT CP-189 Standard for Qualification and Certifi-cation or Nondes