ASTM_E_2330_-_12.pdf

Designation:E233012Standard Test Method forDetermination of Concentrations of Elements in GlassSamples Using Inductively Coupled Plasma MassSpectrometry(ICP-MS)for Forensic Comparisons1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2330;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 One objective of a forensic glass examination is tocompare glass samples to determine if they can be discrimi-nated using their physical,optical or chemical properties(forexample,color,refractive index(RI),density,elemental com-position).If the samples are distinguishable in any of theseobserved and measured properties,it may be concluded thatthey did not originate from the same source of broken glass.Ifthe samples are indistinguishable in all of these observed andmeasured properties,the possibility that they originated fromthe same source of glass cannot be eliminated.The use of anelemental analysis method such as inductively coupled plasmamass spectrometry yields high discrimination among sourcesof glass.1.2 This test method covers a procedure for quantitativedetermination of the concentrations of magnesium(Mg),alu-minum(Al),iron(Fe),titanium(Ti),manganese(Mn),ru-bidium(Rb),strontium(Sr),zirconium(Zr),barium(Ba),lanthanum(La),cerium(Ce),neodymium(Nd),samarium(Sm),and lead(Pb)in glass samples.1.3 This procedure is applicable to irregularly shapedsamples as small as 200 micrograms,for the comparison offragments of a known source to the recovered fragments froma questioned source.These elements are present in soda limeand borosilicate glass in ppb to%levels1.4 This procedure is applicable to other elements,othertypes of glass,and other concentration ranges with appropriatemodifications of the digestion procedure(if needed for fullrecovery of the additional elements),calibration standards andthe mass spectrometer conditions.Calcium and potassium,forexample,could be added to the list of analytes in a modifiedanalysis scheme.Alternative methods for the determination ofconcentrations of elements in glass are listed in the references.1.5 For any given glass,approximately 40 elements arelikely to be present at detectable concentrations using thisprocedure with minor modifications.The element set statedhere is an example of some of these elements that can bedetected in glass and used for forensic comparisons.1.6 This guide cannot replace knowledge,skill,or abilityacquired through appropriate education,training,and experi-ence and should be used in conjunction with sound profes-sional judgment.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test Methods3.Summary of Test Method3.1 The glass fragments are digested using a mixture ofhydrofluoric,nitric and hydrochloric acids.Following aciddigestion,the samples are taken to dryness to eliminate most ofthe silicate matrix and the excess acids.Then an internalstandard rhodium(Rh)is added as the samples are reconsti-tuted in nitric acid.Dilutions may be utilized to quantitatethose elements that are present in higher concentrations.3.2 An inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer isused to measure the concentrations of the identified elements(1.1).The instrument should be adjusted for maximumsensitivity,best precision and to minimize oxides and doubly1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E30 on ForensicSciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.01 on Criminalistics.Current edition approved June 15,2012.Published July 2012.Originallyapproved in 2004.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E2330 04.DOI:10.1520/E2330-12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 charged ion interferences.The instrument is then calibrated permanufacturer recommendations,using multi-elemental calibra-tion standards with the same internal standards as that added tothe samples.3.3 Reagent blanks are measured along with the samplesbecause detection limits are usually limited by the backgroundsignals generated by the reagent blanks.The limits of detectionof the method ar