ASTM_E_2405_-_05.pdf

Designation:E 2405 05An American National StandardStandard Test Method forDetermination of Fire and Thermal Parameters of MaterialsUsing an Intermediate Scale Test with Vertically OrientedSpecimen1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 2405;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This fire-test-response standard determines fire proper-ties related to piloted ignition of a vertically oriented specimenexposed to an external graduated radiant heat flux as shown inFig.1.This test method provides data suitable for comparingthe performance of materials,which are used as the exposedsurfaces of walls or other vertically orientated products inconstruction applications.NOTE1This test method has been prepared to closely follow the testprocedure of ISO 5658-4,however with additional provisions for heatrelease and smoke development measurements that are optional.1.2 The fire characteristics determined by this test methodinclude time-to-ignition,vertical flame spread rate and lateralflame spread rate.Optional measurements include heat releaserates and visible smoke development rates.1.3 The optional heat release rate is determined by theprinciple of oxygen consumption calorimetry,via measurementof the oxygen consumption as determined by the oxygenconcentration and flow rate in the exhaust product stream(exhaust duct).1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.5 This standard is used to measure and describe theresponse of materials,products,or assemblies to heat andflame under controlled conditions,but does not by itselfincorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire riskassessment of the materials,products,or assemblies underactual fire conditions.1.6 Fire testing of products and materials is inherentlyhazardous,and adequate safeguards for personnel and prop-erty shall be employed in conducting these tests.This testmethod may involve hazardous materials,operations,andequipment.Specific information about hazard is given inSection 7.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E 176 Terminology of Fire StandardsE 2257 Test Method for Room Fire Test of Wall and CeilingMaterials and Assemblies2.2ISO Standards:ISO 5658-4 Reaction to Fire TestsSpread of FlamePart4:Intermediate Scale Test with Vertically-orientatedSpecimen3ISO/TR 14697 Fire TestsGuidance Rules for the Choiceof Substrates for Building Products33.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod,refer to Terminology E 176.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 backing board,na board with the same dimensionsas the specimen and used to back the specimen so as torepresent end-use conditions.3.2.2 flashing,nexistence of flame on or over the surfaceof the specimen for periods of less than 1 s.3.2.3 irradiance,nquotient of the radiant flux incident onan infinitesimal element of surface containing the point,by thearea of that element.3.2.4 product,nmaterial,composite or assembly aboutwhich information is required.3.2.5 specimen,nrepresentative piece of the productwhich is to be tested together with any substrate or treatment.The specimen may include an air gap.The specimen may alsobe tested as a stand-alone product without substrates if this isrepresentative of end-use conditions.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on FireStandards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.21 on Smoke andCombustion Products.Current edition approved Jan.1,2005.Published March 2005.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.3.2.6 substrate,na material which is used or is represen-tative of that used,immediately beneath a surface product inend-use,for example,skimmed plasterboard beneath a wall-covering.3.2.7 sustained flaming,nexistence of flame on or overmost of the specimen surface for periods of more than 4 s.3.2.8 transitory flaming,nexistence of flame on or overmost of the specimen surface for periods between 1 and 4 s.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method is designed to measure time-to-ignitionand vertical and late