ASTM_E_2201_-_13.pdf

Designation:E220113Standard Terminology forCoal Combustion Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2201;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This standard defines terms used in the production,management and use of coal combustion products(CCPs).It isintended to promote understanding by providing precise tech-nical definitions of terms used.1.2 Terms used only within an individual coal combustionproduct(CCP)standard,and having a meaning unique to thatstandard,may be defined or explained in the terminologysection of that individual standard.2.Terminologyacid mine drainage(AMD),nwater exhibiting a pH of lessthan 6.0 and in which total acidity exceeds total alkalinity,discharged from an active,inactive or abandoned coal mineand reclamation operation or from an area affected bysurface coal mining and reclamation operations.acid mine water,nsee AMD.aggregate,ngranular material used as a component inconcrete or mortar with a hydraulic cementing medium toproduce either concrete or mortar.DISCUSSIONExamples include sand,gravel,crushed stone,crushedhydraulic-cement concrete,iron blast furnace slag,or coal bottom ashand boiler slag.alkalinity,nthe capacity of water to neutralize acids,aproperty imparted by the waters content of carbonates,bicarbonates,and hydroxides and occasionally borates,silicates,and phosphates.It is often expressed in milligramsper liter of calcium carbonate.aquifer,na geologic formation,group of formations,or partof a formation that is saturated with water and capable ofproviding a significant quantity of water.baghouse,na facility that removes solid particles from theflue gas by the use of fabric filter bags.beneficial use of a CCP,nthe use of or substitution of thecoal combustion product(CCP)for another product based onperformance criteria.For purposes of this definition,benefi-cial use includes but is not restricted to raw feed for cementclinker,concrete,grout,flowable fill,controlled low strengthmaterial;structural fill;road base/sub-base;soil-modifica-tion;mineral filler;snow and ice traction control;blastinggrit and abrasives;roofing granules;mining applications;wallboard;waste stabilization/solidification;soil amendmentand agriculture.boiler slag,na molten ash collected at the base of slag tapand cyclone boilers that is quenched with water and shattersinto black,angular particles having a smooth,glassy appear-ance.borrow,nan area designated as a source for soil in construc-tion or mine reclamation projects;a source or sources ofmaterial other than the required excavation.bottom ash,nagglomerated ash particles formed in pulver-ized coal boilers that are too large to be carried in the fluegases and impinge on the boiler walls or fall through opengrates to an ash hopper at the bottom of the boiler.Bottomash is typically grey to black in color,is quite angular,andhas a porous surface structure.bulk density,nthe mass of a material per unit volumeincluding voids.Bulk density is usually reported on a drybasis.calcium sulfate dihydrate(CaSO4 2H2O),ngypsum;theprimary product of a forced-oxidation wet flue gas desulfu-rization system in which additional air is introduced and limeor limestone is used as the reagent.cementitious ash,nfly ash,which hardens irreversibly whenmixed with water.Also referred to as self-cementing ash.coal ash,na collective term referring to any solid materialsproduced primarily from the combustion of coal.DISCUSSIONExamples include fly ash,bottom ash,or boiler slag.coal combustion products(CCPs),nfly ash,bottom ash,boiler slag,fluidized-bed combustion(FBC)ash,or flue gasdesulfurization(FGD)material produced primarily from thecombustion of coal or the cleaning of the stack gases.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E50 onEnvironmental Assessment,Risk Management and Corrective Action and is thedirect responsibility of Subcommittee E50.03 on Pollution Prevention/BeneficialUse.Current edition approved Nov.15,2013.Published December 2013.Originallyapproved in 2002.Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E220102a which waswithdrawn January 2011 and reinstated in November 2013.DOI:10.1520/E2201-13.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 compaction,nthe densification of a soil or coal combustionproduct by means of mechanical manipulation;reduction inbulk volume of solid waste by rolling and tamping.consolidation,nthe reduction in volume of a fill caused bymovement of water out of the fill mass.Consolidationgenerally occurs due to an increase in the vertical stress ona fill.It is the movement of water rather than the compres-sion of air-fi