ASTM_E_1936_-_03_2011e2.pdf

Designation:E193603(Reapproved 2011)2Standard Reference Radiograph forEvaluating the Performance of Radiographic DigitizationSystems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1936;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEReference source information was updated editorially in November 2014.2NOTEReference radiograph source information was updated editorially in October 2015.1.Scope1.1 This reference radiograph covers a series of test targetssuitable for evaluating,quantifying,and documenting perfor-mance parameters of the radiographic digitization process orthe electronic image reconstruction process,or both.Thisreference radiograph can be used for visual and electronicanalysis of digitization systems.This is the first of three relatedstandards.Subsequent standards will provide guidance on theuse of the test targets and recommended system performancelevels1.2 This reference radiograph provides a series of testtargets to provide a vehicle for the evaluation of spatialresolution,density contrast sensitivity,dynamic range,andspatial linearity as well as other aspects of a digitizationsystem.The test targets are suitable for evaluating a digitiza-tion system with a spatial resolution down to;1/1000 in.(25micrometres()a density contrast sensitivity down to 0.02optical density(OD),a density range of 0.5 to 4.5 OD,and afilm size capacity of 14 in.(355 mm)wide by 17 in.(431 mm)long.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard,with the exception of the spatial resolutiontargets(6.2 and 6.7)which are stated in SI units.1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E1079 Practice for Calibration of Transmission Densitom-etersE1254 Guide for Storage of Radiographs and UnexposedIndustrial Radiographic FilmsE1316 Terminology for Nondestructive ExaminationsE1411 Practice for Qualification of Radioscopic Systems2.2 ASME Standard:Section V,Article 2,Mandatory Appendix VI,Digital ImageAcquisition,Display,Interpretation and Storage forNuclear Applications32.3 ASTM Adjuncts:Standard Reference Radiograph for Evaluating the Perfor-mance of Radiographic Digitization Systems43.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 Refer to Terminology E1316 for definitions of termsused in this guide.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 converging line pairsthe targets located on thereference radiograph that are used to determine the spatialresolution of the digitization system.3.2.2 parallel line pairsthe targets located on the refer-ence radiograph that are used in conjunction with the converg-ing line pairs to determine the spatial resolution of thedigitization system.1This reference radiograph is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E07 onNondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.02 onReference Radiological Images.Current edition approved Dec.1,2011.Published March 2012.Originallyapproved in 1997.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as E1936-03(2011)1.DOI:10.1520/E1936-03R11E2.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers(ASME),ASMEInternational Headquarters,Three Park Ave.,New York,NY 10016-5990,http:/www.asme.org.4Available from ASTM Headquarters.Order RRE1936.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2.3 reference radiographthe single piece of industrialradiographic film containing all of the reference targets de-scribed in this document.3.2.4 scan lineit is a path that is one pixel high(vertical)by the number of pixels wide(horizontal),that is captured bythe digitization system.The scan lines are added,one on top ofthe other,to electronically reproduce the physical(analog)datain the horizontal(film width)and vertical(film length)direc-tions on the display monitor.3.2.5 spatial linearitythe accuracy to which a digitizationsystem reproduces the physical dimension.It is assessed withina single scan line and from one scan line to the next(horizontaland vertical directions).3.2.6 spatial resolutionit is measured as the minimumdistance detectable between two physically spaced lines(see6.2 spatial resolution targets).It is determined by the samplingrate in physical two-dimensional space and the system un-sharpness.3.2.7 targetsthe