ASTM_E_1231_-_15.pdf

Designation:E123115Standard Practice forCalculation of Hazard Potential Figures of Merit forThermally Unstable Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1231;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers the calculation of hazard potentialfigures of merit for exothermic reactions,including:(1)Time-to-thermal-runaway,(2)Time-to-maximum-rate,(3)Critical half thickness,(4)Critical temperature,(5)Adiabatic decomposition temperature rise,(6)Explosion potential,(7)Shock sensitivity,(8)Instantaneous power density,and(9)NFPA instability rating.1.2 The kinetic parameters needed in this calculation maybe obtained from differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)curves by methods described in other documents.1.3 This technique is the best applicable to simple,singlereactions whose behavior can be described by the Arrheniusequation and the general rate law.For reactions which do notmeet these conditions,this technique may,with caution,serveas an approximation.1.4 The calculations and results of this practice might beused to estimate the relative degree of hazard for experimentaland research quantities of thermally unstable materials forwhich little experience and few data are available.Comparablecalculations and results performed with data developed for wellcharacterized materials in identical equipment,environment,and geometry are key to the ability to estimate relative hazard.1.5 The figures of merit calculated as described in thispractice are intended to be used only as a guide for theestimation of the relative thermal hazard potential of a system(materials,container,and surroundings).They are not intendedto predict actual thermokinetic performance.The calculatederrors for these parameters are an intimate part of this practiceand must be provided to stress this.It is strongly recommendedthat those using the data provided by this practice seek theconsultation of qualified personnel for proper interpretation.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.7 There is no ISO standard equivalent to this practice.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter ApparatusE473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-ologyE537 Test Method for The Thermal Stability of Chemicalsby Differential Scanning CalorimetryE698 Test Method for Kinetic Parameters for ThermallyUnstable Materials Using Differential Scanning Calorim-etry and the Flynn/Wall/Ozawa MethodE793 Test Method for Enthalpies of Fusion and Crystalliza-tion by Differential Scanning CalorimetryE1269 Test Method for Determining Specific Heat Capacityby Differential Scanning CalorimetryE1952 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity and ThermalDiffusivity by Modulated Temperature Differential Scan-ning CalorimetryE2041 Test Method for Estimating Kinetic Parameters byDifferential Scanning Calorimeter Using the Borchardtand Daniels Method1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E27 on HazardPotential of Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E27.02 onThermal Stability and Condensed Phases.Current edition approved Nov.1,2015.Published January 2016.Originallyapproved in 1988.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as E1231 10.DOI:10.1520/E1231-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 E2070 Test Method for Kinetic Parameters by DifferentialScanning Calorimetry Using Isothermal MethodsE2716 Test Method for Determining Specific Heat Capacityby Sinusoidal Modulated Temperature Differential Scan-ning CalorimetryE2890 Test Method for Kinetic Parameters for ThermallyUnstable Materials by Differential Scanning CalorimetryUsing the Kissinger Method2.2 Other Standards:NFPA 704 Identification of the Hazards of Materials forEmergency Response,201233.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 The definitions relating to thermal analysis appearingin Terminology E473 shall be considered applicable