ASTM_E_1490_-_11.pdf

Designation:E149011Standard Guide forTwo Sensory Descriptive Analysis Approaches for SkinCreams and Lotions1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1490;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 The objective of this guide is to provide procedures fortwo different descriptive analysis approaches that may be usedto qualitatively describe the sensory attributes of skin creamsand lotions and quantitatively measure their intensity,similarities,and differences over time.Descriptive analysis canbe used to define the sensory experience of skin care productsthat can then be used to provide direction in productformulation,competitive assessment,ingredient substitutions,research guidance,and advertising claim substantiation.1.2 Guidelines are provided to assist the reader in determin-ing which approach best meets their research objectives,eitherthe(1)technical expert or(2)consumer behavior approach tolanguage development and evaluation.1.3 Guidelines are provided for the selection and training ofassessors,defining sensory attributes,measuring intensities onrating scales,developing procedures for the manipulation ofthe product alone and the product on the skin,producthandling,and evaluation of skin condition before testing.1.4 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound units are to beregarded as the standard.The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E253 Terminology Relating to Sensory Evaluation of Mate-rials and ProductsMNL 13 Manual on Descriptive Analysis Testing for Sen-sory EvaluationMNL 26 Sensory Testing Methods:Second Edition3.Terminology3.1 Terms used in this guide are in accordance with Termi-nology E253.3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 application,nprocess of applying the skin careproduct.3.2.2 delivery,nstage during which the product is dis-charged onto the finger(s)or skin.3.2.3 panel leader/moderator,nperson who is responsiblefor conducting descriptive panels,protocols,and panel main-tenance.3.2.4 pick-up,nstage during which the product is manipu-lated between the fingers,as it might be after the product isdispensed onto the finger or lifted from a jar.3.2.5 reference anchors,nproducts that are used to defineintensities of a specific attribute.3.2.6 rub-out,nstage during which the product is rubbedonto the skin.4.Summary of Guide4.1 OverviewThis guide describes two approaches to thedescriptive analysis of skin care products;technical expert andconsumer behavior approaches.The appropriate approachesfor identifying,selecting,and training of assessors to evaluatethe intensity and duration of sensory characteristics for skincare products are discussed.See Table 1.4.1.1 Technical Expert ApproachThe technical expert ap-proach for descriptive analysis is based in the training ofassessors on lexicon(s)and intensity references to create apanel that performs as a calibrated human instrument.Thismethod uses a trained panel using descriptors that focus onappearance and tactile qualities of products.Additionally,evaluation of product fragrance can be performed using eitherthe same panel or a separate panel.In both cases,the panel1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E18 on SensoryEvaluation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E18.07 on PersonalCare and Household Evaluation.Current edition approved Sept.1,2011.Published March 2012.Originallyapproved in 1992.Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E1490 03.DOI:10.1520/E1490-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 TABLE 1 Overview of Technical Expert and Consumer Behavior ApproachesTechnical Expert ApproachConsumer Behavior ApproachTarget panel sizeTen to fifteen assessorsTwelve to fifteen assessorsPre-recruiting and screeningUp to 60 candidates are recruited from the local community orinternal company resources,screened and selected based onsensory acuity,ability to articulate,availability and long terminterest(see Figs.1-16).Approximately 30 candidates who are likers and users of theproduct category are recruited,screened,and selected for theirsensory acuity and ar