ASTM_E_1218_-_04_2012.pdf

Designation:E121804(Reapproved 2012)Standard Guide forConducting Static Toxicity Tests with Microalgae1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1218;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers procedures for obtaining laboratorydata concerning the adverse effects of a test material added togrowth medium on growth of certain species of freshwater andsaltwater microalgae during a static exposure.These proce-dures will probably be useful for conducting short-term toxic-ity tests with other species of algae,although modificationsmight be necessary.Although the test duration is comparable toan acute toxicity test with aquatic animals,an algal toxicity testof short duration(72,96 or 120 h)allows for examination ofeffects upon multiple generations of an algal population andthus should not be viewed as an acute toxicity test.1.2 Other modifications of these procedures might be justi-fied by special needs or circumstances.Although using appro-priate procedures is more important than following prescribedprocedures,results of tests conducted using unusual proceduresare not likely to be comparable to results of many other tests.Comparison of results obtained using modified and unmodifiedversions of these procedures might provide useful informationconcerning new concepts and procedures for conducting tox-icity tests with microalgae.1.3 These procedures are applicable to many chemicals,either individually or in formulations,commercial products,orknown mixtures.With appropriate modifications,these proce-dures can be used to conduct tests on temperature,and pH andon such materials as aqueous effluents(see also Guide E1192),leachates,oils,particulate matter,sediments,and surface wa-ters.Static tests might not be applicable to materials that arehighly volatile,are rapidly biologically or chemically trans-formed in aqueous solutions,or are removed from test solu-tions in substantial quantities by the test vessels or organismsduring the test.However,practical flow-through test proce-dures with microalgae have not been developed.1.4 Results of tests using microalgae should usually bereported in terms of the 96-h(or other time period)IC50(see3.2.5)based on reduction in growth.In some situations,itmight only be necessary to determine whether a specificconcentration unacceptably affects the growth of the testspecies or whether the IC50 is above or below a specificconcentration.1.5 This guide is arranged as follows:SectionReferenced Documents2Terminology3Summary of Guide4Significance and Use5Hazards7Apparatus6Facilities6.1Equipment6.2Test Vessels6.3Cleaning6.4Acceptability6.5Growth Medium8Test Material9General9.1Stock Solution9.2Test Concentration(s)9.3Test Organisms10Species10.1Source10.2Culture10.3Quality10.4Procedure11Experimental Design11.1Temperature11.2Illumination11.3Beginning the Test11.4Gas Exchange11.5Duration of Test11.6Biological Data11.7Other Measurements11.8Determination of Algistatic and Algicidal Effects11.8.5Analytical Methodology12Acceptability of Test13Calculation14Report15Keywords161.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific hazardstatements are given in Section 7.1This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E50 on EnvironmentalAssessment,Risk Management and Corrective Action and is the direct responsibil-ity of Subcommittee E50.47 on Biological Effects and Environmental Fate.Current edition approved Dec.1,2012.Published December 2012.Originallyapproved in 1990.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E1218-04.DOI:10.1520/E1218-04R12.2This standard guide is a document,developed using the consensus mechanismsof ASTM,that provides guidance for the selection of procedures to accomplish aspecific test,but which does not stipulate specific procedures.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 2.Referenced Documents32.1 ASTM Standards:D1129 Terminology Relating to WaterD3731 Practices for Measurement of Chlorophyll Content ofAlgae in Surface WatersD3978 Practice for Algal Growth Potential Testing withPseudokirchneriella subcapitataD4447 Guide for Disposal of Laboratory Chemicals andSamplesE380 Practice for Use of the International System of Units(SI)(the Modernized Metric System)E729 Guide for Conducting Acute Toxicity Tests on TestMaterials with Fishes,Macroinvertebrates,and Amphib-iansE943 Terminology Relating to Biological Effects and Envi-ronmental FateE1023 Guide for Assessing the Hazard of a Material toAqua