ASTM_E_2113_-_13.pdf

Designation:E211313Standard Test Method forLength Change Calibration of Thermomechanical Analyzers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2113;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method describes calibration of the lengthchange(deflection)measurement or thermal expansion ofthermomechanical analyzers(TMAs)within the temperaturerange from 150 to 1000C using the thermal expansion of asuitable reference material.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This test method differs from ISO 11359-1 by providingan alternative calibration procedure.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult andestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rhe-ologyE831 Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of SolidMaterials by Thermomechanical AnalysisE1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical PropertiesE1363 Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Thermo-mechanical AnalyzersE2161 Terminology Relating to Performance Validation inThermal Analysis2.2 Other Standards:ISO 11359-1PlasticsThermomechanicalanalysis(TMA)Part 1:General principles33.Terminology3.1 Specific technical terms used in this test method aredescribed in Terminologies E473,E1142,and E2161 includecalibration,Celsius,coefficient of linear thermal expansion,Kelvin,reference material,repeatability,reproducibility andthermomechanical analysis.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Thermomechanical analyzers(TMAs)or related devicesare commonly used to determine coefficient of linear thermalexpansion of solid materials(for example,Test Method E831).The test specimen is heated at a linear rate over the temperaturerange of interest and the change in length(dimension)iselectronically recorded.4.2 Performance verification or calibration of the lengthchange measurement is needed to obtain accurate coefficient ofthermal expansion data.4.3 The thermal expansion of a reference material is re-corded using a thermomechanical analyzer.The recordedthermal expansion is compared to the known value of thereference material.The resultant ratio,a calibration coefficient,may then be applied to the determination of unknown speci-mens to obtain accurate results.5.Significance and Use5.1 Performance verification or calibration is essential to theaccurate determination of quantitative dimension change mea-surements.5.2 This test method may be used for instrument perfor-mance validation,regulatory compliance,research and devel-opment and quality assurance purposes.6.Apparatus6.1 Thermomechanical Analyzer(TMA)The essential in-strumentation required to provide the minimum thermome-chanical analytical or thermodilatometric capability for this testmethod includes:6.1.1 A Rigid Specimen Holder,of inert,low expansivitymaterial 0.5 m m-1K-1 to center the specimen in thefurnace and to fix the specimen to mechanical ground.6.1.2 A Rigid Expansion Probe,of inert,low expansivitymaterial 0.5 m m-1K-1 which contacts the specimen withan applicable compressive or tensile force.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E37 on ThermalMeasurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.10 onFundamental,Statistical and Mechanical Properties.Current edition approved Aug.1,2013.Published August 2013.Originallyapproved in 2000.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E2113 09.DOI:10.1520/E2113-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.1.3 A Sensing Element,linear over a minimum of 2 mm,to measure the displacement of the rigid probe to within 610nm resulting from changes in length/height of the specimen.6.1.4 A Weight or Force Transducer,to generate a constantforce between 1 and 100 mN(0.1 and 10 g)applied through therigid probe to the specimen.6.1.5 A Furnace,capable of providing uniform controlledheating(cooling)of a specimen to a constant temperature or ata constant rate within the applicable temperature range of thistest method.6.1.6 A Temperature Controller,capable of executing aspecific temperature program by