ASTM_E_2002_-_15.pdf

Designation:E20022015Standard Practice forDetermining Total Image Unsharpness and Basic SpatialResolution in Radiography and Radioscopy1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2002;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers the design and basic use of a gaugeused to determine the total image unsharpness and the basicspatial resolution of film radiographs or of digital images takenwith CR imaging plates,digital detector arrays,or radioscopicsystems.1.2 This practice is applicable to radiographic and radio-scopic imaging systems utilizing X-ray and gamma ray radia-tion sources.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 The gauge described can be used effectively with tubevoltages up to 600 kV.When using source voltages in themegavolt range the results may not be completely satisfactory.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E747 Practice for Design,Manufacture and Material Group-ing Classification of Wire Image Quality Indicators(IQI)Used for RadiologyE1025 Practice for Design,Manufacture,and MaterialGrouping Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality In-dicators(IQI)Used for RadiologyE1316 Terminology for Nondestructive ExaminationsE1815 Test Method for Classification of Film Systems forIndustrial Radiography2.2 ISO Standards3ISO 192321 Non-destructive TestingImage Quality ofRadiographsPart 1:Image Quality Indicators(WireType)Determination of Image Quality ValueISO 192322 Non-destructive TestingImage Quality ofRadiographsPart 2:Image Quality Indicators(Step/Hole Type)Determination of Image Quality ValueISO 192325 Non-destructive TestingImage Quality ofRadiographsPart 5:Determination of Image Unsharp-ness Value Using Duplex Wire Type Image QualityIndicatorsISO/IEC 170501 Conformity AssessmentSuppliersDeclaration of ConformityPart 1:General Require-ments2.3 CEN Standard:EN-462-5:1996 Nondestructive TestingImage Quality ofRadiographsPart 5:Image Quality Indicators(DuplexWire Type)Determination of Total Image UnsharpnessValue43.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions of terms applicable to this prac-tice may be found in Terminology E1316.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 basic spatial image resolution(SRbimage)valuedetermined from the smallest number of the duplex wire pair,which is not separable by visual inspection or from the smallestnumber of the duplex wire pair with less than 20%modulationdepth in a linearized profile,and corresponds to12UT.UTmaybe UTvisualor UT20%.3.2.2 duplex wire type image quality indicatorduplex wiretype image quality indicator(IQI)specifically designed toassess the total image unsharpness and basic spatial imageresolution of a radiograph or a digital image and composed ofa series of pairs of wire elements made of high density metal.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.01 onRadiology(X and Gamma)Method.Current edition approved July 1,2015.Published September 2015.Originallyapproved in 1998.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E2002-98(2009).DOI:10.1520/E2002-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from International Organization for Standardization(ISO),ISOCentral Secretariat Chemin de Blandonnet 8,CP 401,1214 Vernier,Geneva,Switzerland,http:/www.iso.org.4Available from British Standards Institute(BSI),389 Chiswick High Rd.,London W4 4AL,U.K.,http:/www.bsi-.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2.3 interpolated basic spatial image resolution(iSRbimage)valuedetermined from the modulation values of differentneighbored duplex wire pairs by interpolation,which corre-sponds to12 iUT20%.3.2.4 interpolatedtotalimageunsharpness(iUT=iUT20%)value determined from a profile function in a digitalimage by interpolation is determined from a linearized profilefunction and obtained by interpolation to 20%modulationdepth from neighbored element modulations.3.2.5 linepair per mm(lp/mm)valuedetermined from theduplex wire pair values or the interpolated values,and corre-sponds to 1/UT.UTmay be UTvisual,UT20%,or iUT20%.3.2.6 total image unsharpness(U