ASTM_E_2154_-_15a.pdf

Designation:E215415aStandard Practice forSeparation and Concentration of Ignitable Liquid Residuesfrom Fire Debris Samples by Passive HeadspaceConcentration with Solid Phase Microextraction(SPME)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2154;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice describes the procedure for removingsmall quantities of ignitable liquid residues from samples offire debris.An adsorbent material is used to extract the residuefrom the static headspace above the sample.Then,analytes arethermally desorbed in the injection port of the gas chromato-graph(GC).1.2 This practice is best suited for screening fire debrissamples to assess relative ignitable liquid concentration and forextracting ignitable liquid from aqueous samples.1.3 This practice is suitable for extracting ignitable liquidresidues when a high level of sensitivity is required due to avery low concentration of ignitable liquid residues in thesample.1.3.1 Unlike other methods of separation and concentration,this method recovers a minimal amount of the ignitableresidues present in the evidence,leaving residues that aresuitable for subsequent resampling.1.4 Alternate separation and concentration procedures arelisted in Section 2.1.5 This standard cannot replace knowledge,skill,or abilityacquired through appropriate education,training,and experi-ence and should be used in conjunction with sound profes-sional judgment.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E1386 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residuesfrom Fire Debris Samples by Solvent ExtractionE1388 Practice for Sampling of Headspace Vapors from FireDebris SamplesE1412 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residuesfrom Fire Debris Samples by Passive Headspace Concen-tration With Activated CharcoalE1413 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residuesfrom Fire Debris Samples by Dynamic Headspace Con-centrationE1492 Practice for Receiving,Documenting,Storing,andRetrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science LaboratoryE1618 Test Method for Ignitable Liquid Residues in Extractsfrom Fire Debris Samples by Gas Chromatography-MassSpectrometry3.Summary of Practice3.1 A fiber coated with a polydimethylsiloxane stationaryphase is exposed to the headspace of the fire debris samplecontainer to extract ignitable liquid residues.The fiber,whichis housed in a needle similar to a syringe needle,is introduceddirectly in the injection port of a gas chromatograph tothermally desorb the analytes.4.Significance and Use4.1 This practice is suited ideally for screening samples forthe presence,relative concentration,and potential class ofignitable liquid residues in fire debris.4.2 This is a very sensitive separation procedure,capable ofisolating small quantities of ignitable liquid residues from a1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on ForensicSciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.01 on Criminalistics.Current edition approved Sept.1,2015.Published September 2015.Originallyapproved in 2001.Last previous edition approved in 2015 as E2154 15.DOI:10.1520/E2154-15A.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 sample,that is,a 0.1 L spike of gasoline on a cellulose wipeinside of a 1-gal can is detectable.4.3 Actual recovery will vary,depending on several factors,including adsorption temperature,container size,competitionfrom the sample matrix,ignitable liquid class and relativeignitable liquid concentration.4.4 Because this separation takes place in a closedcontainer,the sample remains in approximately the samecondition in which it was submitted.Repeat and interlabora-tory analyses,therefore,may be possible.Since the extractionis nonexhaustive,the technique permits reanalysis of samples.4.5 This practice is intended for use in conjunction withother extraction techniques described in Practices E1386,E1388,E1412,and E1413.4.6 The extract is consumed in the analysis.If a morepermanent extract is desired,one of the separation practicesdescribed in Practices E1386,E1412,or E1413 should be used.5.Apparatus5.1 Heating System,such as,an oven or heating mantle to fitthe evidence container(or a hot plat