ASTM_E_1199_-_87_2012.pdf

Designation:E119987(Reapproved 2012)Standard Practice forSampling Zooplankton with a Clarke-Bumpus PlanktonSampler1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1199;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers the procedures for obtaining quan-titative samples of a zooplankton community by use of aClarke-Bumpus plankton sampler.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D4134 Practice for Sampling Phytoplankton with a Clarke-Bumpus Plankton SamplerE1200 Practice for Preserving Zooplankton Samples3.Summary of Practice3.1 The sampler is towed from a moving boat at a specifieddepth.The sampler uses a net for the collection and concen-tration of zooplankton.The actual volume of water entering thesampler is measured by a calibrated flowmeter.The zooplank-ton are preserved as dictated by the objectives of the study.4.Significance and Use4.1 The advantages of the Clarke-Bumpus plankton samplerare as follows:4.1.1 It will sample a discrete depth or multiple depths,depending upon the sampling design.4.1.2 It is a slow to medium speed sampler requiring atowing speed of three to five knots.4.1.3 The sample size can be easily controlled.4.1.4 The sampler is lightweight and can be used withoutauxiliary equipment.4.1.5 It has a relatively high filtration efficiency factor of0.88.4.1.6 It is a versatile sampler and can be used in all but theshallowest waters.4.1.7 The flowmeter records the amount of water that passesinto the net.4.1.8 Overspill of water at the mouth of the net due toexcess speed of towing is of minimal consequence.4.2 The disadvantages of the Clarke-Bumpus plankton sam-pler are as follows:4.2.1 The flowmeter requires frequent maintenance includ-ing calibration and lubrication.4.2.2 It is not suitable for use in very small areas or shallowwaters.4.3 There are several special considerations that shall beobserved when using a Clarke-Bumpus sampler.They are:4.3.1 The flowmeter should be calibrated and servicedfrequently to ensure efficient and accurate operation.4.3.2 The sampler is relatively fragile,particularly theclosing device and flowmeter.This necessitates careful deploy-ment and recovery procedures.4.3.3 Following each collection,the net must be thoroughlywashed.4.3.4 Special attention must be given to the strength of thecable and its attachment to avoid loss of the sampler.4.3.5 The sampler should not be used in beds ofmacrophytes,in waters containing submerged objects,or closeto the bottom.4.3.6 The net should be inspected frequently for pin-sizeholes,tears,net deterioration,and other anomalies.4.3.7 Following use,the wet net should be suspended fulllength in the air in subdued light and allowed to dry.5.Apparatus5.1 The Clarke-Bumpus zooplankton sampler is a 5-in.diameter by 6-in.long brass tube consisting of a metal frame inwhich an interchangeable conical plankton net is attached atthe mouth and at the cod end.3This sampler is available in1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.24 on Water Microbiology.Current edition approved Dec.1,2012.Published December 2012.Originallyapproved in 1987.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E1199 87(2004).DOI:10.1520/E1199-87R12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Clarke,G.L.,and Bumpus,D.F.,The Plankton SamplerAn Instrument forQuantitative Plankton Investigations,American Society of Limnology andOceanography,Special Publication No.5,Revised 1950.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 three sizes:12,20,and 30 cm.The most widely used size hasbeen the 20-cm diameter net which reportedly has bettercollecting characteristics.4The metal tube at the mouth of thisnet is fitted with a digital flowmeter from which the volume ofwater filtered can be calculated.In addition,the mouth containsa shutter device which opens and closes the net permitting thecollections from discrete depths.The Clarke-Bumpus sampleris usually attached to a towing cable and a horizontal orienta-tion is maintained by stabilizing fins attached to the side of thesampler frame.A number of Clarke-Bumpus samplers can bestrung on a single cable for simultaneous sampling at variousdepths.The fram