ASTM_E_1354_-_15a.pdf

Designation:E135415aAn American National StandardStandard Test Method forHeat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials andProducts Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1354;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This fire-test-response standard provides for measuringthe response of materials exposed to controlled levels ofradiant heating with or without an external ignitor.1.2 This test method is used to determine the ignitability,heat release rates,mass loss rates,effective heat of combustion,and visible smoke development of materials and products.1.3 The rate of heat release is determined by measurementof the oxygen consumption as determined by the oxygenconcentration and the flow rate in the exhaust product stream.The effective heat of combustion is determined from a con-comitant measurement of specimen mass loss rate,in combi-nation with the heat release rate.Smoke development ismeasured by obscuration of light by the combustion productstream.1.4 Specimens shall be exposed to initial test heat fluxes inthe range of 0 to 100 kW/m2.External ignition,when used,shall be by electric spark.The value of the initial test heat fluxand the use of external ignition are to be as specified in therelevant material or performance standard(see X1.2).Thenormal specimen testing orientation is horizontal,independentof whether the end-use application involves a horizontal or avertical orientation.The apparatus also contains provisions forvertical orientation testing;this is used for exploratory ordiagnostic studies only.1.5 Ignitability is determined as a measurement of timefrom initial exposure to time of sustained flaming.1.6 This test method has been developed for use for materialand product evaluations,mathematical modeling,designpurposes,or development and research.Examples of materialspecimens include portions of an end-use product or thevarious components used in the end-use product.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.8 This standard is used to measure and describe theresponse of materials,products,or assemblies to heat andflame under controlled conditions,but does not by itselfincorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire riskassessment of the materials,products,or assemblies underactual fire conditions.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific hazardstatements,see Section 7.1.10 Fire testing is inherently hazardous.Adequate safe-guards for personnel and property shall be employed inconducting these tests.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D5865 Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal andCokeE176 Terminology of Fire StandardsE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE603 Guide for Room Fire ExperimentsE662 Test Method for Specific Optical Density of SmokeGenerated by Solid MaterialsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodE906 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke ReleaseRates for Materials and Products Using a ThermopileMethod2.2 ISO Standards:3ISO 5657-1986(E)Fire Testsreaction to fireignitabilityof building materialsISO 5725-2(1994)Accuracy(trueness and precision)ofmeasurement methods and results Part 2:Basic method1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on FireStandardsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.21 on Smoke andCombustion Products.Current edition approved Aug.1,2015.Published September 2015.Originallyapproved in 1990.Last previous edition approved in 2015 as E1354-15.DOI:10.1520/E1354-15A.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 for the determination of repeatability and reproducibilityof a standard measurement method3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this testmethod,refer to Terminology E176.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 critical heat flux for ignition,nthe midpoint withinthe range of heat fluxes between the maximum(highest)heat