ASTM_E_1620_-_97_2012.pdf

Designation:E162097(Reapproved 2012)Standard TerminologyRelating to Liquid Particles and Atomization1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1620;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe transformation of bulk liquid into collections of discrete drops in sprays or mists is required formany processes including combustion,spray drying,evaporative cooling,humidification,and spraycoating.Several techniques are commonly used to measure and characterize collections of drops asfound in sprays,and a substantial body of terminology has evolved to describe liquid drops,droppopulations,sprays,and spray devices,all of which are of interest to the users of liquid atomizers,spray instruments,and data.This terminology lists terms commonly encountered in the literature onliquid drops and sprays and provides definitions specific to the subject area.1.Scope1.1 In a broad sense,this terminology covers terminologyassociated with liquid particles dispersed in gas.The principalemphasis,however,is on particles produced by the process ofatomization.1.2 All terms,followed by their definitions,are arrangedalphabetically.In addition,the terminology contains severaltables wherein terms related to specific subjects are segregatedand identified.1.3 Within the broad scope,the following specific catego-ries are included:1.3.1 Terms pertaining to the structure and condition ofindividual particles or groups of particles as observed in nature.1.3.2 Terms pertaining to the structure and condition ofindividual particles or groups of particles produced by anatomizing device.1.3.3 Terms pertaining to atomizing devices according tothe primary energy source responsible for spray development.(When more than one term is used for the same device or classof devices,the alternative term is followed by the preferredterm.)Definitions of the devices may refer to theirconstruction,operating principle,or distinctive spray charac-teristics.The atomizers,however,are not classified by theirrespective areas of application or end use.Moreover,the listedterms are generic and do not include brand names,trademarks,or proprietary designations.1.3.4 Terms pertaining to statistical parameters involvingparticle measurement,particle size,and size distribution func-tions.1.3.5 Terms pertaining to instruments and test proceduresutilized in the characterization of liquid particles and sprays.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis ofAtmospheresE799 Practice for Determining Data Criteria and Processingfor Liquid Drop Size Analysis3.Terminologyaerating nozzle,na device to atomize liquid for the purposeof aeration.DISCUSSIONAlthough this term is occasionally used to designatecertain types of airblast or internal mixing pneumatic atomizers,it isambiguous and is not recommended for describing the latter devices.aerodynamic diameter,nthe diameter of a hypotheticalsphere having a specific gravity of unity and the samesettling velocity as the actual particle.aerosol,na dispersion of solid particles or liquid particles,orboth,in gaseous media.D13561This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E29 on Particleand Spray Characterization and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E29.02on Non-Sieving Methods.Current edition approved April 1,2012.Published May 2012.Originallyapproved in 1994.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E1620 97(2004).DOI:10.1520/E1620-97R12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 air assist nozzle,na pneumatic atomizer in which pressur-ized air is utilized to enhance the atomization produced bypressurized liquid.The air may be required only for part ofthe operating range(for example,low liquid flow rates).air atomizing nozzle,nsee pneumatic atomizer.air blast nozzle,nsee airblast nozzle.airblast nozzle,na pneumatic atomizer that utilizes a rela-tively large volume of low-pressure air.DISCUSSIONThe term is occasionally used to designate the entireclass of pneumatic atomizers.aspirating nozzle,nsee siphon nozzle.atomization,nthe process of atomizing.atomize,vto transform bulk liquid or slurry into particles.atomizer,na device for atomizing.Berglund-Liu atomizer,na vibratory atomizer in which apiezoelectric transducer transmits high-frequency oscilla-tions to a liquid stream discharged throu