ASTM_E_1187_-_97.pdf

Designation:E 1187 97An American National StandardStandard Terminology Relating toConformity Assessment1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1187;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This standard defines terms related to conformity assess-ment.2It includes terms used in those standards under thejurisdiction of ASTM Committee E-36.When definitions arethose used by other ASTM committees,the committee desig-nation is given in parentheses after the definition.Whendefinitions are based on those used by other organizations,thesymbol or abbreviation of the name of the organization isgiven.In either case,a postscript letter is used to indicate thedegree of correspondence between the definition given hereinand that in the citation.Postscript“A”indicates the definitionis identical to the definition cited by the organization indicated.Postscript“B”indicates the given definition is a modificationof that cited,though the essential meaning differs little.Postscript“C”indicates the given definition differs substan-tially from the one cited.1.2 Since conformity assessment is being carried out bymany accrediting bodies in several fields of testing andnumerous product areas,usage of descriptive terms variesconsiderably.There is no attempt to include all conformityassessment terms in this standard,but to concentrate on thosemost commonly encountered.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:E 10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materi-als3E 18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and RockwellSuperficial Hardness of Metallic Materials3E 92 Test Method for Vickers Hardness of Metallic Mate-rials3E 384 Test Method for Microhardness of Materials3E 699 Practice for Criteria for Evaluation of AgenciesInvolved in Testing,Quality Assurance,and EvaluatingBuilding Components in Accordance with Test MethodsPromulgated by ASTM Committee E-164E 1267 Guide for ASTM Standard Specification QualityStatements52.2ANSI Standard:A3-1987 Quality Systems Terminology62.3ISO Standard:ISO/Guide 2 General Terms and Their Definitions Concern-ing Standardization,Certification and Testing LaboratoryAccreditation72.4Other Document:Laboratory AccreditationPrinciples and Practice,Col-lected Reports 1979-1983(ILAC Task Force C Reports)83.Terminology:Terms and Their Definitionsaccreditationprocedure by which an authoritative bodygives formal recognition that a body or person is competentto carry out specific tasks,(ISO Guide 2).accreditation criteria,for laboratory accreditation,nset ofrequirements used by an accrediting body which a testinglaboratory must meet to be accredited,(ISO Guide 2,A).accredited laboratorytesting laboratory to which accredi-tation has been granted,(ISO Guide 2,A).accredited laboratory test reporttest report that includes astatement by the testing laboratory that it is accredited for thetest reported and that the test has been performed inaccordance with the conditions prescribed by the accreditingbody,(ISO Guide 2,A).accrediting bodygovernmental or non-governmental bodythat conducts and administers a laboratory accreditationsystem and grants accreditation,(ISO Guide 2,A).assessment,of a laboratorythe activity of evaluating alaboratorys compliance with accreditation criteria.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E-36 onCriteria for the Evaluation of Testing and Inspection Agencies and is the directresponsibility of Subcommittee E36.50 on Support Operations.Current edition approved Oct.10,1997.Published March 1998.Originallypublished as E 1187 87.Last previous edition E 1187 96.2There were numerous other sources consulted,but not specifically used,toformulate definitions for the above terms.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 03.01.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 04.07.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 14.02.6Available from American National Standards Institute,1430 Broadway,NY,NY 10018.7Available from ISO,1 rue de Varemb,Case Postale 56,Crt 1221.Geneve 20,Switzerland.8Available fromAmericanAssociation for LaboratoryAccreditation,656 QuinceOrchard Rd.-704,Gaithersburg,MD 20878.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.assessor,of a laboratoryan individual who carries out someor all functions related to laboratory assessment,(ISO Guide2,B).assurance of conformityprocedure resulting in a statementgiving confidence that a product,process or service fulfillsspecified requirements,(ISO Guide 2).DISCUSSIONfor a product,the statement may be in the form of adocument,a label or other equivalent means.It may also be printed inor applied on a communication,a catalog,an invoice,a user instruc-tions manual,etc.relating to the product.authoritybody that has legal powe