ASTM_E_1114_-_09_2014.pdf

Designation:E111409(Reapproved 2014)Standard Test Method forDetermining the Size of Iridium-192 Industrial RadiographicSources1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1114;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the size ofan Iridium-192 radiographic source.The determination isbased upon measurement of the image of the Iridium metalsource in a projection radiograph of the source assembly andcomparison to the measurement of the image of a referencesample in the same radiograph.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E999 Guide for Controlling the Quality of Industrial Radio-graphic Film ProcessingE1316 Terminology for Nondestructive ExaminationsE1815 Test Method for Classification of Film Systems forIndustrial RadiographyE2445 Practice for Performance Evaluation and Long-TermStability of Computed Radiography SystemsE2597 Practice for Manufacturing Characterization of Digi-tal Detector Arrays2.2 Other International Standards:EN 12679:2000 Industrial RadiographyRadiographicMethod for the Determination of the Source Size forRadioisotopes33.Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms relating to this test method,referto Terminology E1316.4.Significance and Use4.1 One of the factors affecting the quality of a radiographicimage is geometric unsharpness.The degree of geometricunsharpness is dependent upon the size of the source,thedistance between the source and the object to be radiographed,and the distance between the object to be radiographed and thefilm or digital detector.This test method allows the user todetermine the size of the source and to use this result toestablish source to object and object to film or detectordistances appropriate for maintaining the desired degree ofgeometric unsharpness.NOTE1The European standard CEN EN 12579 describes a simplifiedprocedure for measurement of source sizes of Ir-192,Co-60 and Se-75.The resulting source size of Ir-192 is comparable to the results obtained bythis test method.5.Apparatus5.1 Subject Iridium-192 Source,the source size of which isto be determined.The appropriate apparatus and equipment forthe safe storage,handling,and manipulation of the subjectsource,such as a radiographic exposure device(also referred toas a gamma ray projector or camera),remote control,sourceguide tube,and source stop are also required.5.2 Reference Sample(see Figs.1-3)The reference sampleshall be of material which is not radioactive.The recom-mended material is Iridium.However,substitutes such asplatinum,tungsten or other material of similar radiopacity maybe used.The sample should be of the same geometric shape asthe subject source,should be approximately the same size asthe subject source,and should be positioned on or within ashim or envelope to simulate the source capsule wall.The1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 onNondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.01 onRadiology(X and Gamma)Method.Current edition approved Oct.1,2014.Published November 2014.Originallyapproved in 1986.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E1114 091.DOI:10.1520/E1114-09R14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 resulting radiographic contrast,with reference to adjacentbackground density of the image of the reference sample,should be approximately the same as that of the subject source.The actual dimensions of the reference sample should bedetermined to the nearest 0.025 mm(0.001 in.).5.3 X-ray Generator,capable of producing a radiationintensity(roentgen per hour at one metre)at least ten timesgreater than that produced by the subject source.Examples oftypical X-ray generator output requirements that satisfy thiscriterion are pre