ASTM_E_1349_-_06_2013.pdf

Designation:E134906(Reapproved 2013)Standard Test Method forReflectance Factor and Color by Spectrophotometry UsingBidirectional(45:0 or 0:45)Geometry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1349;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the instrumental measurementof the reflection properties and color of object-color specimensby use of a spectrophotometer or spectrocolorimeter with abidirectional optical measuring system,such as annular,circumferential,or uniplanar 45:0 or 0:45 geometry.1.2 This test method is generally suitable for any non-fluorescent,flat object-color specimen.It is especially recom-mended for measuring retroreflective specimens and specimensof intermediate gloss.1.3 Procedures required for the measurement of fluorescentobject color are given in Practice E991 and Practice E2153.1.4 Procedures required for the measurement of color usingfilter colorimeters are contained in Test Method E1347 and thisstandard does not address those instruments.1.5.This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances andColor Differences from Instrumentally Measured ColorCoordinatesE179 Guide for Selection of Geometric Conditions forMeasurement of Reflection and Transmission Propertiesof MaterialsE284 Terminology of AppearanceE308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Usingthe CIE SystemE694 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Appa-ratusE805 Practice for Identification of Instrumental Methods ofColor or Color-Difference Measurement of MaterialsE991 Practice for Color Measurement of Fluorescent Speci-mens Using the One-Monochromator MethodE1164 Practice for Obtaining Spectrometric Data for Object-Color EvaluationE1345 Practice for Reducing the Effect of Variability ofColor Measurement by Use of Multiple MeasurementsE1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Mea-surement by Tristimulus ColorimetryE1767 Practice for Specifying the Geometries of Observa-tion and Measurement to Characterize the Appearance ofMaterialsE2153 Practice for Obtaining Bispectral Photometric Datafor Evaluation of Fluorescent ColorE2214 Practice for Specifying and Verifying the Perfor-mance of Color-Measuring Instruments3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 The definitions contained in Guide E179,TerminologyE284,Practice E1164,Practice E1767,and Practice E2214 areapplicable to this test method.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method provides a procedure for measuring thereflectance factors of reflecting object-color specimens byusing a spectrophotometer or spectrocolorimeter equipped witha bidirectional optical measuring system.4.2 When the specimens exhibit directionality,and an in-strument with uniplanar geometry is used,information ondirectionality may be obtained by measuring the specimens atmore than one rotation angle,typically at two angles 90 apartas described in Practice E1345.When such information is notrequired,these measurements may be averaged,or an instru-ment with annular or circumferential geometry may be used.However,even with annular or circumferential influx or effluxoptics,some of the variability induced by specimen opticalsystem interactions may remain and the application of themethods in Practice E1345 may help to further reduce thosemeasurement errors.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12 on Colorand Appearance and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E12.02 onSpectrophotometry and Colorimetry.Current edition approved Jan.1,2013.Published January 2013.Originallyapproved in 1990.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as E1349 06.DOI:10.1520/E1349-06R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.3 This test method includes procedures for standardizingthe instrument or verifying its standardization,and for select-ing specimens suitable for precision measurement.4.4 Most modern spectrometers have the capacity to com-pute the color coordinates of the specimen immediately fol-lowing the measurement.When this is the case,the user mustpreselect the color system,observer,and illuminant(seePractice E308,Procedure section).5.Significance and Use5.1 The most dire