ASTM_E_1065_-_E_1065M_-_14.pdf

Designation:E1065/E1065M14Standard Practice forEvaluating Characteristics of Ultrasonic Search Units1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1065/E1065M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This practice covers measurement procedures for evalu-ating certain characteristics of ultrasonic search units(alsoknown as“probes”)that are used with ultrasonic testinginstrumentation.This practice describes means for obtainingperformance data that may be used to define the acoustic andelectric responses of ultrasonic search units.1.2 The procedures are designed to measure search units asindividual components(separate from the ultrasonic test instru-ment)using commercial search unit characterization systemsor using laboratory instruments such as signal generators,pulsers,amplifiers,oscilloscopes,and waveform analyzers.1.3 The procedures are applicable to manufacturing accep-tance and incoming inspection of new search units or toperiodic performance evaluation of search units throughouttheir service life.1.4 The procedures in Annex A1 Annex A6 are generallyapplicable to ultrasonic search units operating within the 0.4 to10 MHz range.Annex A7 is applicable to higher frequencyimmersion search unit evaluation.Annex A8 describes apractice for measuring sound beam profiles in metals fromcontact straight-beam search units.Additional Annexes,suchas sound beam profiling for angle-beam search units in metaland alternate means for search unit characterization,will beadded when developed.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations2.2 Other Document:Standard Methods for Testing Single Element Pulse-EchoUltrasonic Transducers33.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in thispractice,see Terminology E1316.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 aperturethe dimension(s)of the active area of thepiezoelectric element of the search unit as established byexperimentation.3.2.2 bandwidth(BW)that portion of the frequency re-sponse that falls within given limits.In this text,the limits usedare the-6 dB level,as measured from the peak of the frequencyresponse.The equation used for BW is:BW5fu2 f1!/fc3100(1)where:fu=upper frequency,f1=lower frequency,andfc=center frequency.Bandwidth is expressed as a percentage.3.2.3 center frequency(fc)the frequency value calculatedto be at the center of the bandwidth limits.3.2.4 depth of field(FD)as measured on the on-axis profileof a focused search unit,that portion of the sound beam thatfalls within given limits.3.2.5 focal length(FL)for focused search units,the dis-tance from the lens to the focal point.3.2.6 focal point(Fp)for focused search units,the pointalong the acoustic axis of the beam in water at which the peak(maximum)pulse-echo amplitude response is recorded from aball target reflector.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.06 onUltrasonic Method.Current edition approved Jan.1,2014.Published February 2014.Originallyapproved in 1985.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as E1065 08.DOI:10.1520/E1065_E1065M-14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from the American Institute of Ultrasonics in Medicine,14750Sweitzer Lane,Suite 100,Laurel,MD 20707-5906.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2.7 frequency responsethe pulse-echo response of thesearch unit measured as a function of frequency.(This termalso referred to as frequency spectrum.)3.2.8 nominal frequency(fnom)the frequency stated on thelabel supplied by the manufacturer.3.2.9 on-axis profilea sequence of measurements madealong the acoustic axis of the beam of the search unit.3.2.10 peak frequency(fp)the frequency value at themaximum amplitude of the frequency respons