ASTM_D_9_-_20.pdf

Designation:D920Standard Terminology Relating toWood and Wood-Based Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D9;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe definitions contained herein constitute a lexicon of terms of general interest.Definitions inmore specialized wood product or process use will be found in other standards.These include PracticeD245,Terminology D907,Terminology D1038,Nomenclature D1165,Terminology D1554,Termi-nology F547,Practice D2555,and Terminology C274.1.Scope1.1 This terminology covers a repository of definitionsessential for the business of Committee D07.1.2 The following criteria shall be followed by Subcommit-tee D07.91 in selecting terms and associated definitions forinclusion in this terminology.1.2.1 Terms and associated definitions shall be selected ifthey are in general use in the conduct of the standards overwhich D07 has jurisdiction.1.2.2 Terms and associated definitions in general industrialor technical use that are not unique to wood or wood-basedproducts are not included.1.2.3 Terms and associated definitions that are unique to asingle D07 standard and defined therein or generally under-stood or adequately defined in other readily available sourcesmay not be included in this terminology.1.3 When a term is used in an ASTM document for whichCommittee D07 is responsible,it is included in this terminol-ogy only when judged an essential term by SubcommitteeD07.91.1.4 A definition is a single sentence with additional infor-mation included in discussion notes.1.5 Terms and definitions shall be reviewed every 5 years;the year of last review is appended.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C274 Terminology of Structural Sandwich Constructions(Withdrawn 2016)3D143 Test Methods for Small Clear Specimens of TimberD245 Practice for Establishing Structural Grades and Re-lated Allowable Properties for Visually Graded LumberD907 Terminology of AdhesivesD1038 Terminology Relating to Veneer,Plywood,and WoodStructural PanelsD1165 Nomenclature of Commercial Hardwoods and Soft-woodsD1554 Terminology Relating to Wood-Base Fiber and Par-ticle Panel MaterialsD2016 Methods of Test for Moisture Content of Wood(Withdrawn 1987)3D2395 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity(Rela-tive Density)of Wood and Wood-Based MaterialsD2555 Practice for Establishing Clear Wood Strength ValuesF547 Terminology of Nails for Use with Wood and Wood-Base Materials2.2 U.S.Products Standards:4PS-20 American Softwood Lumber Standard3.Terminologyallowable properties,nmechanical properties of a materialas prepared for design use.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Woodand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.91 on Terminology andEditorial.Current edition approved Aug.1,2020.Published September 2020.Originallyapproved in 1907.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D9 12.DOI:10.1520/D0009-20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from the National Institute of Standards and Technology https:/www.nist.gov/standardsgov/voluntary-product-standards-program.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.DISCUSSIONAllowable properties of structural wood products areidentified with stress-grade descriptions and reflect the orthotropicstructure of wood.Often considered synonymous with allowable unitstresses,working stresses,and design stresses.American Softwood Lumber Standard,nvoluntary prod-uct standard(PS-20)of the U.S.Department of Commercewhich serves as a basis for the preparation and revision ofindustry-sponsored grading rules for lumber.American standard lumber,nlumber conforming to thebasic provisions of PS-20 American Softwood LumberStandard.annual ring,ngrowth ring(s)corresponding to an annualperiod of growth.DISCUSSIO