ASTM_D_933_-_20.pdf

Designation:D93320Standard Practice forReporting Results of Examination and Analysis of Water-Formed Deposits1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D933;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers the manner in which the results ofexamination and analysis for constituents of deposits formedon systems using water as a heat transfer media or waterformed deposits from any other purpose and how they are to bereported.1.2 While various practices of reporting the analysis ofwater-formed deposits are in use,this practice is intended as arational and comprehensive practice for general application.For use in specific industries or individual cases,molecularcombinations may be useful and desirable.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D887 Practices for Sampling Water-Formed DepositsD1129 Terminology Relating to WaterE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard,refer toTerminology D1129.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 acid solubility in 1 to 1 acid,nconcentration of adeposit or solid,in grams per litre that will go into solution inan acidic solvent divided by initial weight of the sample.Thus,results are reported as a percentage soluble or dissolved.3.2.1.1 DiscussionFor water borne deposits,these analy-ses are more qualitative or estimates of solubility of the depositor solid(1 or more grams)in a solution of 1 to 1 acid.The acidsmost commonly used are either 1 to 1 hydrochloric acid(HCl(6 normal)and nitric acid(HNO3(7.9 normal)as the acidicsolvent because they will normally dissolve most water formeddeposits or scales.The sample can be weighed and placed in asoxhlet extractor with reflux and reweighed for calculation in%solubility.Note that inorganic carbonates will rapidly evolveand effervesce upon addition to the acid.Other inorganics willdissolve in the acid upon heat.3.2.2 loss on ignition(LOI),nthe percent loss in weight ofa material on being calcined at a temperature selected,for atime long enough,to achieve constant weight,expressed as apercent of the initial weight of the dry material(without freemoisture).3.2.2.1 DiscussionLOIs for deposits are normally run at105C for determination of moisture content.450C to 500Cfor determination of organics in the sample.900C to 1000Cfor determination of inorganic carbonates.The final calculationis for the remaining material,which is the ash content,whichis the measure of the remaining inorganics in the sample.Thesample can be weighed and stepped thru the process andreweighed after each temperature for calculation in%loss.3.2.3 non-polarsolventextractablesolubility,nconcentration of a deposit or solid,in grams per litre thatwill go into solution in a non-polar solvent divided by initialweight of the sample.Thus,results are reported as a percentagesoluble or dissolved.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water andis the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling Water andWater-Formed Deposits,Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use,On-Line Water Analysis,and Surveillance of Water.Current edition approved May 1,2020.Published June 2020.Originallyapproved in 1947.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D933 84(2012).DOI:10.1520/D0933-20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Te