ASTM_A_197_-_A_197M_-_00_2015.pdf

Designation:A197/A197M00(Reapproved 2015)Standard Specification forCupola Malleable Iron1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A197/A197M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope1.1 This specification covers malleable irons for castingsmade by the cupola process.1.2 Without knowledge of casting geometry and processdetails,quantitative relationships cannot be stated between theproperties of the iron in the various locations of a casting andthose of a test bar cast from the same iron.1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.Within the text,theSI units are shown in brackets.The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents;therefore,each system shallbe used independently of the other.Combining values from thetwo systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-cation.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A247 Test Method for Evaluating the Microstructure ofGraphite in Iron CastingsA644 Terminology Relating to Iron CastingsE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions for many terms common toiron castings are found in Terminology A644.4.Classification4.1 Iron produced for castings ordered under this specifica-tion is classified in a single grade and is qualified by tests onseparately cast test bars.Separately cast test bars shall bepoured from the same lot of iron as the castings they representand shall be heat treated with those castings.5.Ordering Information5.1 The purchase order for castings ordered under thisspecification shall state the specification designation and theyear in which the specification was issued.5.2 Any options or special additions to the basic require-ments of this specification shall be clearly and fully stipulated.6.Chemical Composition6.1 The chemical composition of the iron shall be such as toproduce the mechanical properties required by this specifica-tion.7.Mechanical Requirements7.1 Factors influencing the properties of castings and theirrelationship to those of test specimens and separate testcastings are discussed in Appendix X1.7.2 Tensile Test:7.2.1 Tensile Test Specimens:7.2.1.1 The tensile test specimens shall be cast to the formand dimensions shown in Fig.1 and Fig.2 using the same kindof molding material used for the production castings.7.2.1.2 All test specimens shall be suitably identified withthe designation of the pour period.7.2.1.3 All test specimens shall be heat treated in the sameproduction furnace and for the same cycles as the castings theyrepresent.7.2.2 Tensile Test Method:7.2.2.1 Perform the tensile test on unmachined specimens.7.2.2.2 Gage LengthThe gage length of the standardtensile specimen shall be 2.00 6 0.01 in.50.0 6 0.03 mm.7.2.2.3 Cross-Sectional AreaThe diameter used to com-pute the cross-sectional area shall be the average between thelargest and smallest diameters in that section of the 2-in.50mm gage length having the smallest diameter and shall bemeasured to the nearest 0.001 in.0.02 mm.No cast barhaving a mean diameter less than 0.590 in.15 mm shall beaccepted for test.7.2.2.4 Speed of TestingAfter reaching a stress equivalentto approximately half of the anticipated yield stress,the speedof the moving head of the testing machine shall not exceed0.50 in./min 12.5 mm/min through the breaking load.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A04 on IronCastings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.02 on Malleable andDuctile Iron Castings.Current edition approved Nov.1,2015.Published November 2011.Originallyapproved in 1936.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as A197/A197M 00(2011).DOI:10.1520/A0197_A0197M-00R15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.2.2.5 Yield StrengthWhile the values for yield point andyield strength are not identical,they are sufficiently close formost applications to be used interchangeably.They shall bedetermined by an approved technique described in Test Meth-ods E8 or by an equivalent method.If determined as yieldstrength,that stress producing an extension under load of 0.01in.0.25 mm over the 2-in.50 mm gage length(for example,0.5%extension)or an offset of 0.2%shall be taken as theyield stress,which shall be converted to yield strength bydividing by the original cross-sectional area of the gage lengthfound