ASME_B30-2-2011.pdf

Date of Issuance:July 29,2011The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2016.This Standard will becomeeffective 1 year after the Date of Issuance.There will be no addenda issued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard.Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/cstools.asme.org as they are issued and will also be included with each edition.ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards.The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate.The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry,academia,regulatory agencies,and the public-at-large.ASME does not approve,rate,orendorseany item,construction,proprietary device,or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document,and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable letters patent,nor assumes any such liability.Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,and the risk of infringement of such rights,isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s)or person(s)affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies,which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisherThe American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue,New York,NY 10016-5990Copyright 2011 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted.in U.S.A.CONTENTSForeword,Committee RosterviB30 Standard Introduction.vi进Summary of Changes.xiChapter 2-0Scope,Definitions,and References.1Section 2-0.1Scope of B30.2，。4.4。g444+4。+。44tt。t。”51Section 2-0.2DefinitionsSection 2-0.3References5Chapter 2-1Generat Construction and Installation.Section 2-1.1MarkingsSection 2-1.2Clearances,rSection 2-1.3General Construction-Runways and Supporting StructureFSection 2-1.4Crane Construction.8Section 2-1.5Cabs-Normal or Skeleton(if Provided).Section 2-1.6Ltbrication.Section 2-1.7Service Platforms(Footwalks).9Section 2-1.8Stops and Bumpers.+4,1Section 2-1.9Rail Sweeps.Section 2-1.10Guards for Moving Parts.11Section 2-1.11Truck Frame Drop11Section 2-1.12Brakes and Braking Means.11Section 2-1.13Electrical Equipment.12Section 2-1.14Hoisting Equipment16Section 2-1.15Warning Devices or Means for a Crane With a Power-TravelingMechanism.17Section 2-1.16Manual.17Chapter 2-2Inspection and Testing.18Section 2-2.1nspection18Section 2-2.2Rope Inspection.19Section 2-2.3Testing20Chapter 2-3operator Training and operation.21Section 2-3.1Crane Operator Training.2Section 2-3.2Training for Persons Other Than Crane Operators.Section 2-3.3Operation.21Section 2-3.4Planned Engineered Lifts.2Section 2-3.5Hoist Limit Devices(Switches)。t44,44+4t。4t+”t”中”24Section 2-3.6Signals24Section 2-3.7MiscellaneousSection 2-3.8Crane Lockout/Tagout.26Chapter 2-4Maintenance Training and Maintenance.27Section 2-4.1Maintenance Training.27Section 2-4.2Crane Maintenance.27Section 2-4.3Rope Replacement and Maintenance.28Section 2-4.4Maintenance Records29Figures2-0.2-1Cantilever Gantry Crane2-0.2-2Gantry Crane32-0.2-3Overhead Crane22-0.2-4Semigantry Crane.2-0.2-5Wall Crane32-1.13.3-1Recommended Arrangement of Controllers or Master Switches(Three-Motor Crane).2-1.13.3-2Recommended Arrangement of Controllers or Master Switches(four-Motor Crane).142-1.13.3-3Recommended Arrangement of Controllers(Pendant Push-Button StationArrangement).152-1.13.3-4Recommended Arrangement of Controllers(Radio Crane ControlTransmitter Lever Arrangement).152-3.6.1-1Standard Hand Signals for Controlling Overhead and Gantry Cranes.25FOREWORDThis American National Standard,Safety Standard for Cableways,Cranes,Derricks,Hoists,Hooks,Jacks,and Slings,has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute(formerly the United States of America Standards Institute).ThisStandard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards forCranes,prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers,was presentedto the annual meeting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes,derricks,and hoists were held from 1920to 1925,involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee,the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers,the American Museum of Safety,the American Engineering StandardsCommittee(later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USAStandards Institute).Department of Labor-State of New Jersey,Department of Labor andIndustry-State of Pennsylvania,and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association.OnJune 11,1925,the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety CodeCorrelating Committees recommendation and authorized the project with the U.S.Departmentof the Navy,Bureau of Yards and Docks,and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926,invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee.The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out October2,1926,and the committee organized November 4,1926,with 57 members representing 29 nationalorganizations.The Safety Code for Cranes,Derricks,and Hoists,ASA B30.2-1943,was createdfrom the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph.This document was reaffirmedin 1952 and widely accepted as a safety standard.Due to changes in design,advancement in techniques,and general interest of labor and industryin safety,the Sectional Committee,under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval FacilitiesEngineering Command,U.S.Department of the Navy,was reorganized as an American NationalStandards Committee on January 31,1962,with 39 members representing 27 nationalorganizations.The format of the previous code was changed so that separate standards(each complete as toconstruction and installation;inspection,testing,and maintenance;and operation)will cover thedifferent types of equipment included in the scope of B30.In 1982,the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee,operatingunder procedures developed by the ASME and accredited by the American National StandardsInstitute.This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve as a guide to governmentand other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspectionof the equipment falling within its scope.The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregiven both as mandatory and advisory provisions;compliance with both types may be requiredby employers of their employees.In case of practical difficulties,new developments,or unnecessary hardship,the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods,but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree ofprotection is thereby secured.To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee,in accordancewith the format described in Section IX,before rendering decisions on disputed points.Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety.Revisions result from commit-tee consideration of factors such as technological advances,new data,and changing environmentaland industry needs.Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.In this Volume of the Standard,Chapter 2-3 has been revised and Maintenance has been movedto a new Chapter 2-4.This Standard was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME,wasapproved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on May 31,2011.