_RP_550-3-1977_scan.pdf

API RP 5506水MANUALONINSTALLATION OF REFINERY INSTRUMENTSAND CONTROL SYSTEMSPART III-FIRED HEATERS AND INERT GAS GENERATORSSECOND EDITION1977G1.939:691.25AMEPLEASE RETURN TO:-M.E.P.L.ENGINEERING LIBRARYAPI RP 550MANUALONINSTALLATION OF REFINERY INSTRUMENTSAND CONTROL SYSTEMSPART III-FIRED HEATERS AND INERT GAS GENERATORSSECOND EDITION1977OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONREG.US PATENT OFFICE(lp hdate c,alAMERICAN PETROLEUM INSTITUTERefining Department2101 L Street,N.W.Washington,D.C.20037Price:$2.00API specifications standardsare published as an aid to procurement of stan-dardized equipment and materials.These specifications are not intended to inhibitpurchasers and producers from purchasing or producing products made to specifi-cations other than APINothing contained in any APspecification is to be construed as granting anyright,by implication or otherwise.for the manufacture.sale,or usc in connectionwith any method,apparatus.or product covered by letters patent,nor as insuringanyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.API specifications may be used by anyone desiring to do so.and every cffort hasbeen made by the Institute to assure the accuracy and reliability of the data con-tained in them However.the Institute makes no representation,warranty,or guar-antee in connection with the publication of API specifications and hereby expresslydisclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage resulting from their use;for the violation of any federal.state.or municipal regulation with which an APIspecification may conflict;or for the infringement of any patent resulting from theuse of an API specification.3Copyright 1977 American Petroleum InstituteFOREWORDThis recommended practice is based on the accumulated knowledge and experi-ence of engineers in the petroleum industry.Its purpose is to aid in the installationof the more generally used measuring,control,and analytical instruments;trans-mission systems;and related accessories in order to achieve safe,continuous,accu-rate,and efficient operation with minimum maintenance.Although the informa-tion contained herein has been prepared primarily for petroleum refineries,muchof it is applicable without change in chemical plants,gasoline plants,and similarinstallations.Successful instrumentation depends upon a workable arrangement that incorpo-rates the simplest systems and devices that will satisfy specified requirements.Suffi-cient schedules,drawings.sketches,and other data should be provided to enablethe constructor to install the equipment in the desired manner.The various indus-try codes and standards.and laws and rulings of regulating bodies should be followedwhere applicable.The information contained in this publication does not constitute,and should not be construed to be,a code of rules or regulations.Furthermore,itdoes not grant the right.by implication or otherwise.for manufacture,sale,or usein connection with any method,apparatus.or product covered by letters patent;nor does it ensure anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.For maximum plant personnel safety,transmission systems are employed toeliminate the piping of hydrocarbons.acids,and other hazardous or noxious ma-terials to instruments in control rooms Proper installation is essential in order toutilize the full capabilities which are built into the instrument or transmission system.In the installation of an instrument.the various components must be accessiblefor cfficient maintenance and certain of these elements must be readable for goodoperation Orifices.control valves.transmitters.thermocouples,level gages.andlocal controllers.as well as analyzer sample points,generally should be readilyaccessible from grade permanent platforms.or fixed ladders.In this manual,specialconsideration is given to the location.accessibility and readability of the elements.Users of the various sections of this manual are reminded that in the rapidlyadvancing field of instrumentation no publication of this type can be complete.norcan any written document be substituted for qualified engineering analysisCertain systems are not covered herein because of their very specialized natureand limited use.When one of these systems gains general usage and installationreaches a fair degree of standardization.this section will be revised to incorporatesuch additional informationAcknowledgment is made of the work of all the engineers and operating andmaintenance personnel who,through years of study,observation,invention,andsometimes trial and error.have contributed to the technology of instrumentationSuggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the director of theRefining Department.American Petroleum Institute.2101 L Street.N.W.,Wash-ington.D C.20037.进