_RP_554-1-2007_rus.pdf

i 1.API 554 ,2007.ii 1.API 554 ,2007.iii API .,.API,API ,.API,API ,-,.API .,;,-,.API ,-.,.API .,API,.API ,API.,.RP .iv RP ,.,.,-,.,API Publishing Services,1220 L Street,NW,20005.2009 2007 .v API -,.,-.:.:,.API,API.,API :1220 L Street,N.W.,20005.,API ,.API(.(202)682-8000).API API,L Street,N.W.,20005.,API,1220 L Street,NW,20005,standardsAPI.org.vi 1 .1 1.1 .1 1.2 .3 1.3 4 1.4,.7 1.5 .9 2 .15 2.1-.15 2.2 .16 2.3 .16 2.4 .28 3 .29 3.1 .29 3.2 .30 3.3 .31 3.4 .32 3.5 .33 3.6 .34 4 .35 4.1 .35 4.2 .35 4.3 .36 4.4 .37 4.5 .41 4.6 ,.42 4.7 .44 4.8 -.45 4.9 48 4.10 .50 4.11 .53 4.12 .54 4.13 54 4.14 .58.vii 1 .4 2 .37 3 .56 1 .5 2 .40 3 .41 4 .42 5 -(HMI)46 .1 1.1 1.1 1-API RP 554 ,.,.:.,.,.-,-.-.-,.,.,.2 ,.,.,.-,.-;,;,.,API RP 554 ,.,.3 1.2 ,.:,.,1 ,.API RP 554 -API PIP().,.(PIP /,).,.,.,.4 -RP-557 RP-554 RP-554 RP-554 -RP-554 -RP-554 RP-554 ISA/ANSI S84.00.01 RP-552 RP-551 RP-553 RP-555 ,1.1.3 ,1.:.(FEED).,.(FEED).,/,.5 ,1.RP 554 1,2/,PFD(),1,3,4/FEED ,-,2 /(FEED/),/,-,.3 ,.,.6 2,3 ,-.3 .3 3 ,(PM)API RP 554 ,.,:1,.2,.3,.7 .API RP 554,1.1.4,1,2 3 API RP 554,.,.API RP 551-RP 552 RP 553 555 RP 556 RP 557 RP 750 AIChE1 :EEMUA2 191 .,201 ,-.,IEC3 61131 ,3,_ 1 ,10-12 Lorat Lane,EC3R 8DN,www.eemua.org.2 ,3,rue de Varembe,P.O Box 131,CH-1211 20,www.iec.ch.3-,67 Alexander Drive,Research Triangle Park,27709,www.isa.org.8 61508 ,/,1-7 61511 ,-,1-3 61158 -,1-7 61512 1-3 ISA4 S18.1 84.00.01(IEC 61511 Mod)S88.01 :S91.00.01 ,S95.01 .1:OSHA4 29 CFR 1910 29.PIP5 PCESS001 PCED001 _ 4 ,200 Constitution Avenue,NW,20210,www.osha.gov;,20402.5 ,3925 West Braker Lane(R4500),Texas 78759,www.pip.org.9 1.5 .2 3,.(Batch Control):,.(Business Network):,(Continuous Control):,.,.(Control Loop):-,.,.(Demilitarized Zone(DMZ):,.,DMZ .(Discrete Control):,-.,.,.(Encryption):,.,.10 (Enterprise Resource Planning(ERP):,.Ethernet:,4 ,-.Ethernet ,.Ethernet IEEE 802.x.(Extensible Markup Language(XML):-,-.(Fieldbus):,./._ 5 ,200 Constitution Avenue,NW,20210,www.osha.gov;,20402.6,3925 West Braker Lane(R4500),78759,www.pip.org.11 (Field Devices):,.,.(Firewall):,.(Front End Engineering Design(FEED):,.,.(Hazard and Operability Analysis(HAZOP):,.(Highway Addressable Remote Transducer(HART):,.4-20.www.hartcomm.org .-(Human Machine Interface(HMI):,.(Local Area Network():,.Ethernet .MODBUS:/,.12 .www.modbus.org .(Object Linking and Embedding(OLE):,.OLE (OLE for Process Control(OPC):,OLE.OPC ,.www.opcfoundation.org .(Operability):,-,.()(Personal Computer(PC):,.,.(Process Control Module):-,.(Process Control Systems):,-.,.(Process Control Systems):7.13 ,.-,-,.,.(Process Hazard Analysis(PHA):,.(Process Interlocks):,.(Process Safety Management(PSM):,(Programmable Logic Controller(PLC):,.,.PLC,/.(Redundant Arrays of Independent Disks(RAID):,.RAID ,.14 (Reliability):,.(Router):,-,.(Safety Instrumented System(SIS):,.:SIS .(Safety Integrity Level(SIL):(SIS).SIL ,SIS ,.(Safety Requirements Specification(SRS):,.(Sequencing Control):,.(Virtual Private Network(VPN):,.VPN ,.,.(Wide Area Network(WAN):,.15 ,.(Workstation):,.,-.2 ,.,-,.,.,.2.1-.,.,.:.16 .,.,.,.,.2.2 ,.-.,.,.2.3 .17 .-.2.3.1 ,.,.2.3.1.1 ,?2.3.1.2 ,?,?,?2.3.1.3?2.3.1.4 ,?2.3.1.5 ,?,.18 .2.3.1.6?2.3.1.7 ,.?2.3.2 ,.:,.,.,.2.3.2.1?-,?-?-?,-,.19?,?,-?,ISA 88.01?-?,?,?,?,?,?,?,?2.3.2.2 -?,-?-.20 ,?-?-,.?,?;/?,:,.?,?,?2.3.2.3 ,?,.?,?-?-?,?-?,?.21 ,?,?,-?,.?,?,?,?,?,?,?2.3.3 ,.2.3.3.1 -.22 ,?2.3.3.2 ,-?,?,?2.3.3.3 -,?,x?2.3.3.4?ERP?2.3.3.5?,.2.3.3.6 ,-,?2.3.3.7 ,-?,?-.23 ,?2.3.4 ,.2.3.4.1?,?2.3.4.2?2.3.4.3?2.3.4.4?2.3.4.5?,?(API RP 557 )2.3.4.6?2.3.4.7 -,?.24 2.3.4.8 ,?2.3.4.9 ,(SIS)?2.3.4.10 ,/,.,?2.3.5-,.2.3.5.1 ISA 95.01 ISA S88.01?2.3.5.2?,?2.3.5.3 ,?2.3.5.4?2.3.5.5?2.3.6 ,.25 ,.2.3.6.1?2.3.6.2?,?,?2.3.6.3?2.3.7 (PSM),PSM.PSM OSHA 1910.119 API RP 750.2.3.7.1?2.3.7.2 (SIS)?,ANSI/ISA 84.00.01(IEC 61511 Mod).-,.26 ,SIS?2.3.7.3 PSM?2.3.7.4?,?2.3.7.5?2.3.7.6?2.3.7.7 ,?2.3.7.8 ,?2.3.8 ,-.,.,-.2.3.8.1 -,-,?.27 ,.2.3.8.2 ()?,.?2.3.8.3 ,?,?2.3.8.4?(,.)?,XML?,?2.3.8.5 ,?DMZ()?2.3.8.6?-?2.3.8.7?,?2.3.8.8 .28?,RAID .?2.3.8.9 ,/?,;?2.3.8.10 ,?2.4 ,.:/?,?,?,?,.?-?.29 3 ,.:,4.,.,.3.1 ,.,.3.1.1 ,.,.,.30 3.1.2 -.,-,.-,.3.1.3.,.3.1.4 (HAZOPS),-.3.2 ,.,2,.31 4 .,.,.,.3.3 .,.API RP 554,2 ,.,.,.,.,-,.,/.,-.32 -.,.,-.,.,.,-,.3.4 ,.,.?,.?,2 3 ,.,.33 .,.,.,:,.,.3.5 ,.,:,.,.,.,.?.34 ,?,?,.,.,.3.6 ,/.,.API RP 554,3.,.,.,./,.,.,.,.35 ,.,.4 4.1 ,.API RP 554,2 .2 ,.,.-.,.API RP 554,3 .4.2 .,.,.API RP 551 API 555 PIP.API RP 552.36 ,.API RP 553.4.3 ,.API RP 552 4.3.1-4.3.3.,-.4.3.1 -.4-20 .,.4.3.2 4-20.,.,HART,.,.37 2-4.3.3 .,HART,.,-.4.14.6 .4.4 .,.,.4.7 4.7 4.7.3,4.7.4,4.15 4.8 4.10 4.5.RP 557 4.9 4.11 4.12,4,13 4.7 4.7.1,4.15 4.4.2-4.4.3 ()4.4.4 4.4.1 4.6 4.3 4.7 4.2 ,-4.2 .38 ,.,.61131-3 .,.4.4.1 2 ,.,.3 ,.IEC 61131-3 .4.4.2 ,.4 ,.61131-3.4.4.3 .,22.39 .,.,-.,.-,.4.4.4 .4.4.4 ,.,.,.ISA S88.01 IEC 61512-01 .,.,.,.ISA S88.01 .40 ,.,.2 ,()(4-20,1-5,.)PID(-)PID PID .,.,PID PID PID PID PID PID PID .41 ,.,.()()/3 ,.,PID ,.4.5 ,.:,.,.,.42 ,.API RP 557 .4 ,(,).,././,/.,.4.6 ,.,.API RP 554,2 .43 ,.,.,.,.,.,.4.6.1 .,ISA/ANSI 84.00.01(IEC 61511 Mod)IEC 6150