_API_Spec_16D-2004_2013.pdf

SPECIAL NOTESAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature.With respect to particu-lar circumstances,local,state,and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers,manufacturers,or suppliers to warnand properly train and equip their employees,and others exposed,concerning health andsafety risks and precautions,nor undertaking their obligations under local,state,or federallaws.Information concerning safety and health risks and proper precautions with respect to par-ticular materials and conditions should be obtained from the employer,the manufacturer orsupplier of that material,or the material safety data sheet.Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right,by impli-cation or otherwise,for the manufacture,sale,or use of any method,apparatus,or productcovered by letters patent.Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed asinsuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.Generally,API standards are reviewed and revised,reaffirmed,or withdrawn at least everyfive years.Sometimes a one-time extension of up to two years will be added to this reviewcycle.This publication will no longer be in effect five years after its publication date as anoperative API standard or,where an extension has been granted,upon republication.Status ofthe publication can be ascertained from the API Standards department telephone(202)682-8000.A catalog of API publications,programs and services is published annually and updatedbiannually by API,and available through Global Engineering Documents,15 Inverness WayEast,M/S C303B.Englewood.CO 80112-5776.This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriatenotification and participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API stan-dard.Questions concerning the interpretation of the content of this standard or comments andquestions concerning the procedures under which this standard was developed should bedirected in writing to the Director of the Standards department,American Petroleum Institute,1220 L Street,N.W.,Washington,D.C.20005.Requests for permission to reproduce or trans-late all or any part of the material published herein should be addressed to the Director,Busi-ness Services.API standards are published to facilitate the broad availability of proven,sound engineeringand operating practices.These standards are not intended to obviate the need for applyingsound engineering judgment regarding when and where these standards should be utilized.The formulation and publication of API standards is not intended in any way to inhibit anyonefrom using any other practices.Any manufacturer marking equipment or materials in conformance with the markingrequirements of an API standard is solely responsible for complying with all the applicablerequirements of that standard.API does not represent,warrant,or guarantee that such prod-ucts do in fact conform to the applicable API standard.All rights reserved.No part of this work may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system,ortransmitted by any means,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,or otherwise,without prior written permission from the publisher:Contact the PublisherAPI Publishing Services,1220 L Street,N.W.,Washington,D.C.20005.Copyright 2004 American Petroleum Institute