_API_Publ_4701-2000.pdf

邛AmericanPetroleumInstituteBIOACCUMULATION:ANEVALUATION OF FEDERALAND STATE REGULATORYNITIATIVESRegulatory and Scientific AffairsPublication Number 4701May 2000No roproduction or notworking permitled without liconso from IHSNot for RosaleFOREWORDAPI publications necessarily address problems of a general nature.With respect to particular cir-cumstances,local,state,and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed.API is not undertaking to meet the duties of employers,manufacturers,or suppliers to warn andproperly train and equip their employees,and others exposed,concerning health and safety risksand precautions,nor undertaking their obligations under local,state,or federal laws.Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right,by implica-tion or otherwise,for the manufacture,sale,or use of any method,apparatus,or product covered byletters patent.Neither should anything contained in the publication be construed as insuring any-one against liability for infringement of letters patent.All rights reserved.No part of this work may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system,or trans-mitted by any means,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,or otherwise,without priorwritten permission from the publisher.Contact the Publisher,API Publishing Services,1220 L Street,N.W.Washington.D.C.20005.Copyright 2001 American Petroleum InstituteNo roproduction or notworking permitled without liconso from IHSNot for RosaleTable of ContentsExecutive Summary.S-l.Introduction2.Science of Bioaccumulation.22.DefinitionS22.2 When Are Chemicals Considered Bioaccumulative?.42.2.1Physical and Chemical Properties52.2.2 Environmental Variables.4.62.2.3 Organism-Related Variables.62.2.4 Food Chain-Related Factors.2.3 Why Are Bioaccumulative Chemicals of Concern to Federal and StateRegulators?3.Chemical-Specific Issues.103.1 Arsenic103.2 Mercury.133.3 Nic keL.143.4 Selenium.153.5 Dioxinsl63.6 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHS)17.4.Regulatory Applications of Bioaccumulation.184.1 Federal Regulations194.1.IFish Consumption Advisories.194.1.2 Great Lakes Water Quality Initiative4.1.3 Persistent,Bioaccumulative,and Toxic(PBT)Strategy.274.1.4 Great Lakes Binational Toxics Strategy.334.1.5 Draft Revisions to the Ambient Water Quality CriteriaMethodology.344.2 State Initiatives364.2.1 Louisiana.374.2.2 Texas394.2.3 Indiana.404.2.4 New York.414.2.5 Washington.425.References.43No roproduction or notworking permitled without liconso from IHSNot for Rosale