低碳技术在峨眉山景区的运用环境工程专业.doc

低碳技术在峨眉山景区的运用 摘 要 随着全球变暖的日益加剧，低碳经济作为一种缓解全球变暖的发展战略，逐渐被各国所接受并逐渐演变成为一种新的发展指向，低碳经济已经成为社会经济发展的必然趋势。为了实现2020年单位GDP的CO2排放量比2005年下降40%～45% ，我国的低碳景区建设就逐渐提上了日程，在“两会”上，有政协委员提出国家应制定低碳旅游的国家发展战略和行业指导标准，由此可见低碳景区的建设已经得到了国家的重视。目前，国内已有很多景区，如张家界景区、黄山景区等已经率先开始了低碳景区的建设，并取得了一定的效益，湖南省拟将长株潭旅游板块作为首个“低碳旅游试验区”，开展旅游专项改革试点，探索旅游资源一体化管理模式，也是对低碳景区建设的大胆尝试。 本课题是在国家自然科学基金重大国际合作项目《面向西部旅游经济与自然生态环境可持续发展的低碳景区集成管理模式研究》（批准文号：71020107027）的支持下，以四川省峨眉山景区为研究对象，重点研究低碳技术导入景区建设的过程，并对景区使用低碳技术前后的经济效益和社会效益进行横向研究。在本课题的研究中，主要运用的低碳技术包括以下几个方面：一、使用太阳能、电能等清洁能源，通过清洁能源的使用，使景区的耗电量、排放量等达到一个较低的水平；第二，对景区的消耗品采用可再生原料制造，对垃圾进行分类回收处理，采用废水循环处理，减少景区的自身污染；第三，对景区管理采用数字化、智能化技术，对景区的安全起到全天监控，对突发事件能及时采取措施，同时减少景区不文明的行为发生。 研究结果表明峨眉山在运用低碳技术创建低碳景区后，游客数量增加9.79%，旅游总收入增加30%，森林覆盖率高于95%，节约能源50%，削减污染物排放70%，取得较好的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益。由于低碳景区也是最近才提出的，作为一项新生事物，可参考的资料有限，因此本课题的研究也对该领域的研究有一定的借鉴意义。 关键词：低碳经济； 低碳旅游； 低碳景区； 低碳技术 v Low carbon technology in the use of mountemei scenic spot Abstract With the growing global warming, a low carbon economy as a alleviate global warming development strategy, and gradually by all countries accept and gradually evolved into a new kind of development point, low carbon economy has become an inevitable trend in the development of social economy. In order to achieve the 2020 unit of GDP than 2005 CO2 emissions decreased by 40% ~ 45%, China's low carbon scenic spot construction gradually put on the agenda, and in "two", the Chinese people's political consultative conference raised national should formulate the low carbon tour of the national development strategy and industry guidance standard, thus the construction of low carbon scenic area has been the national attention. At present, the domestic have had many scenic spots, such as zhangjiajie scenic spot, huangshan scenic spots, such as the low carbon has started the construction of scenic spot, and have achieved some benefit, hunan province will be proposed to changzhutan plate as a tourism first "low carbon tourism area", and carry out special tourism pilot reform, explore the tourism resources integration management mode, and the construction of scenic spot of low carbon bold attempt. This topic is in the national natural science funds of major international cooperation program the west facing natural ecological environment and tourist economy sustainable development of integrated management mode of low carbon scenic spot of approval number: 71020107027), under the support of emei mountain scenic area in sichuan province as the research object, the introduction of the key research low carbon scenic spot of the construction process, and use of the low carbon technology before and after the economic efficiency and the social efficiency transverse research. In this research, the main use of low carbon technology including the following aspects: first, using solar power, clean energy, through the use of clean energy, power consumption, such as emissions of scenic spot to a lower level; Second, in the resort renewable material to build the consumables, recycling of waste treatment, and a waste water circulation processing, reduce the scenic spot their own pollution; Third, scenic management using digital, intelligent technology, the safety of the day a monitor, to unforeseen events can take timely measures, as well as reduce scenic area not civilized behavior happened. The results of the study show that mount emei in using low carbon technology to create a low carbon scenic area, number of visitors increased by 9.79%, the total tourist income increased by 30%, the forest coverage rate 95% higher, save energy 50%, cut emissions 70%, get better economic benefits, environmental benefits and social benefits. Due to the low carbon scenic area is also proposed recently, as a new thing, reference material Co., LTD, and this subject research also the research on have a certain significance. Key Words: Low carbon economy; Low carbon tourism; Low carbon attraction; Low carbon techniques 目 录 第1章 绪论 1 1.1 研究背景 1 1.2 研究目的与意义 2 1.3 研究内容 2 1.4 研究方法 2 1.4.1 定性与定量结合法 2 1.4.2 文献分析法 2 1.4.3 跨学科交叉研究法 3 1.5 创新点 3 1.6 技术路线 3 第2章 文献综述 5 2.1 低碳的概念 5 2.2 低碳经济的研究进展 5 2.2.1 低碳经济的概念 5 2.2.2 国内研究进展 6 2.2.3 国外研究进展 8 2.3 低碳旅游的研究进展 9 2.3.1 低碳旅游的内涵 9 2.3.2 国内研究进展 9 2.3.3 国外研究进展 11 2.4 低碳景区的概念提出 11 2.4.1 旅游景区的概念 11 2.4.2 低碳景区的概念 13 2.5 低碳景区建设现状 14 2.6 低碳景区建设意义 15 2.7 低碳技术的发展现状 15 2.7.1 清洁能源的使用 15 2.7.2 景区低碳建筑的建设 17 2.7.3 景区废物处理及回收利用 18 第3章 低碳景区的建设及效果评价 20 3.1 四川旅游简介 20 3.2 峨眉山景区简介 21 3.3 峨眉山低碳景区的建设 22 3.3.1 能源体系的建设 22 3.3.2 低碳建筑的建设 26 3.3.3 景区垃圾处理系统 28 3.3.4 数字化及智能化建设 34 3.4 低碳景区建设的效果评价 37 3.4.1 经济效益 38 3.4.2 社会效益 39 3.4.3 环境效益 39 第4章 论文总结及不足之处 41 4.1 总结 41 4.2 不足之处 41 参考文献 42 第1章 绪论 1.1 研究背景 近一个世纪以来，由于人类大量使用煤、石油等矿石燃料，排放出过量的CO2，导致全球温度急剧上升。据统计表明，全球平均气温较100年前已经上升了将近0.48℃。CO2等温室气体对太阳辐射的可见光，具有高度的透过性, 并且对地球反射出来的红外线等长波辐射具有很强的吸收性, 从而形成“温室效应”。全球升温将导致雨季延长、冰川融化、水灾频繁、海岸滩涂湿地、红树林和珊瑚礁等生态群丧失、生物种群大量灭绝等一些列严重的后果；此外，