房地产经营性现金流管理问题探究-基于万科房地产公司会计学专业.docx

房地产经营性现金流管理问题探究-基于万科房地产公司 On the Management of Real Estate Operating Cash Flow - Based on Vanke Real Estate Co.Ltd. 摘 要 2008年，一场从未有过的经济浩劫——由次贷危机演变而来的全球金融风暴，席卷了全世界，这次金融危机也影响了国内刚刚开始步入迅速发展的房地产行业。房地产的发展的不稳定性以及产生的经济泡沫，也冲击了我国的经济发展的稳定性。从现实情况来看，国内房价的的涨幅不定严重影响了我们的生活，许多城市政府都出台了相关法规政策来稳定房价。从如今高如天际的房价来看，房价的上涨总体趋势仍然没有办法有效得被稳定住，楼市的不稳定会影响房地产公司的成本回收周期，从而影响到企业的现金流问题。现金流之于我们的企业就像是空气之于人类，其重要性不言而喻。企业一旦发现了现金流短缺或者断裂的问题，企业很容易出现债务危机，从而走向灭亡。每个房地产企业想要健康地发展，必须要时时刻刻注意现金流的问题，完善现金流管理制度。从时事热点上来看，现今的房地产企业也出现了许多因为现金流管理制度不够先进、管理不当等问题而导致的资金链停滞甚至是断裂的现象。因为自身会计专业的特殊性以及该社会问题的严重性，我深入调查和研究了有关于房地产公司现金流量的管理问题，并提出了自己的见解与思考。 本论文主要解析了当前我国房地产行业在管理现金流的过程中存在的落后的、不合理的行为，并归纳总结了在我国比较常见的房地产资现金流资金断裂的不同情况以及造成的企业生存危机。文章先介绍了当前房地产现金流管理的特征，并分析了我国目前房地产企业的流入、流出渠道。同时，为了使文章更贴近现实情况，本文以万科房地产公司为例子，从万科房地产的现金流管理情况入手，详细了解到了其管理流程，并深入挖掘了万科房地产现金流管理所产生的问题，并在这个过程中有的放矢地提出了能够改善目前万科房地产现金流管理问题的一些建议。同时，本文解读了例如《中华人民共和国会计法》中的有关房地产的条例，帮助读者能够更加深刻的理解房地产现金流管理问题，通过本次论文学习，让我更加明白是会计的重要性。 关键词：房地产企业；万科房地产；财务管理；现金流量 Abstract In 2008, an unprecedented economic catastrophe—a global financial crisis that evolved from the sub-prime mortgage crisis—has engulfed the world. This financial crisis has also affected the domestic real estate industry that has just begun to enter rapid development. The instability of the development of real estate and the resulting bubble have also affected the stability of China’s economic development. Judging from the reality, the increase in domestic house prices has seriously affected our lives. Many urban governments have introduced relevant regulations and policies to stabilize the property market. Judging from today's high prices, the overall trend of rising house prices still has no way to be effectively stabilized. The instability of the property market will affect the cost recovery cycle of real estate companies and thus affect the cash flow of companies. The cash flow to our company is like air to human beings, and its importance is self-evident. Once a company finds a problem of cash flow shortage or fracture, the company is prone to a debt crisis, and thus it is dying. Every real estate company wants to develop healthily, it must always pay attention to cash flow problems and improve the cash flow management system. From the perspective of current affairs hotspots, today's real estate companies have also experienced many phenomena such as stagnation or even fracture of the capital chain caused by problems such as insufficient advanced cash flow management systems and improper management. Because of the special nature of my accounting profession and the seriousness of this social problem, I thoroughly investigated and studied the management issues concerning cash flow of real estate companies and put forward my own opinions and thoughts. This dissertation mainly analyzes the backward and unreasonable behaviors of the current real estate industry in the process of managing cash flow, and sums up the different situations and the survival of the cash flow funds that are common in our country. crisis. The article first introduces the characteristics of current real estate cash flow management, and analyzes the current inflow and outflow channels of real estate companies in China. At the same time, in order to make the article closer to reality, this article takes Wanke Real Estate Company as an example, starting from the cash flow management situation of Vanke Real Estate, understands its management process in detail, and digs deeply into the problems arising from Vanke real estate cash flow management, and In this process, we made some suggestions on how to improve cash flow management of Vanke Real Estate. At the same time, this article interprets regulations concerning real estate in the “Accounting Law of the People's Republic of China” to help readers understand the real estate cash flow management issue more profoundly. Through this dissertation study, I understand more clearly the importance of accounting. Key words: Real estate enterprise; Vanke Estate; cash flow management III 目 录 引言 1 一、现金流与现金流管理的基本介绍 1 （一）现金流量简介 1 （二）现金流管理 2 （三）对企业现金流进行有效管理的重要意义 2 二、房地产企业现金流管理的特征及现状分析 3 （一）文献综述 3 1.房地产企业资金链管理不善引发的风险 3 2.选择标杆企业进行分析的必要性 3 3.有效控制现金流风险对企业的重要性 3 （二）房地产企业现金流管理特征 4 1.现金需求量大 4 2.资金周转周期长 4 3.资金波动性大 5 （三）房地产企业流入渠道及流出渠道剖析 5 1.现金流入渠道 5 2.现金流出渠道 5 （四）房地产企业现金流管理现状 6 三、万科房地产地产现金流管理情况分析 6 （一）万科房地产基本情况及行业背景简介 6 （二）万科地产现金流分析体系 6 （三）万科地产现金流向分析 7 1.发展（投资）战略分析 7 2.融资战略分析 7 （四）万科地产现金流程分析 8 1.万科地产内控分析 8 2.重大投资流程的决策分析 8 （五）万科地产现金流量结构分析 9 1.现金流入结构分析 9 2.现金流出结构分析 10 2.万科地产现金流速分析 10 四、万科地产现金流管理存在的问题 12 （一）现金流向方面 12 （二）现金流程方面 12 （三）现金流量方面 12 1.现金流量管理缺乏长期规划 13 （四）现金流速方面 13 1.存货管理 13 五、对万科地产现金流管理改进对策建议 14 （一）合理储备土地以保证现金流的平衡 14 1.在董事会层面要制定企业的长远发展战略 14 2.企业应合理囤积土地储备 14 （二）加快资金周转提高使用效率 14 1.提升管理层对于现金流管理的把控力度 14 2.现金流分析要求会计信息的准确性 15 （三）企业融资决策的严格审定 15 1.实际需求决定融资方式 15 2.融资规模应该与企业可承受能力相当 15 2.合理参考房地产市场的真实状况 15 （四）现金流管理的终极目标是实现企业价值最大化 16 六、结论 16 参考文献 17 上海立信会计金融学院本科生毕业论文（设计） 引言 自步入21世纪以来，我国人民的生