功能对等理论下《生死疲劳》英译版的翻译策略研究英语学专业.docx

摘 要 中国当代优秀作家莫言在2012年获得了诺贝尔文学奖，这代表中国文学又一次成功的走向世界。其长篇小说《生死疲劳》也受到了广大中外读者的热烈推崇。葛浩文作为美国著名的汉学家是莫言作品的英文译者，其功劳深不可没。 1969年美国著名的语言学家及翻译理论家尤金·A·奈达提出了功能对等的翻译理论，大大促进了翻译的发展。所谓功能对等，就是说翻译时不求文字表面的死板对应，而要在两种语言间达到功能上的对等。意义是最重要的，形式其次，译语接受者与原语接受者获得大致相同的反应。 本文旨在研究功能对等理论下《生死疲劳》英译版的翻译策略同时，主要从文化方面展开详细的分析，以文化负载词和民间特质为例进行研究，继而探究该译本为何能在海外取得如此成功的原因。通过细致研究，得出以下结论：译者重视原文，以“信”为第一原则。文化负载词在多数情况下采用异化的翻译策略。在翻译民间特质的部分，也是采取异化与归化相结合等策略。正是葛浩文在翻译过程中采取了多种翻译策略，他的译本才会如此成功并受到海外读者的青睐。 关键词：功能对等理论; 生死疲劳; 文化负载词; 民间特质  ABSTRACT Mo Yan, an outstanding Chinese contemporary writer, won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2012, which means that Chinese literature has once again succeeded in going global. His novel Sheng Si Pi Lao was also highly praised by Chinese and foreign readers. Howard Goldblatt, a famous American sinologist, is an English translator of Mo Yan’s works and plays a important part. In 1969, an American linguist and translator Eugene A. Nida, advanced the theory of Functional Equivalence Theory which has promoted the development of translation greatly. Functional Equivalence, which means that the translation does not correspond to the rigid surface of the word, and that the two languages have the same ability to achieve the function equivalence. The translation maintains the original features as much as possible. The translator needs to choose strategy in different case to keep and transmit the original culture to achieve the functional equivalence. This paper tends to explore and analyse the translation strategies of Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out from the perspective of functional equivalence, and to make a detailed analysis of the cultural aspects, take the culture-loaded words and folk characteristics as an example. And then explore the reasons why the English version can be so successful abroad. Through the study, the following conclusion can be drawn: the translator attaches importance to the original text and regards the “faithful” as the first principle. The translator adopts foreignizing translation strategy in most cases when he deal with the culture-loaded words. The translation of folk characteristic is also a combination of foreignization and domestication strategy. Because the translator who has taken proper translation strategy, the English version has been so successful that he has been favoured by overseas readers. Keywords: Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out; Functional Equivalence; Culture-loaded words; Folk Characteristics 摘 要 I ABSTRACT II Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Research background 1 1.2 Research significance 1 1.3 Research Questions 2 1.4 Outline of the thesis 2 Chapter 2 Literature Review 3 2.1 Mo Yan and previous studies at home 3 2.1.2 Previous Studies at home 4 2.2 Howard Goldblatt and Previous Studies at abroad 5 2.2.1 An Introduction to Howard Goldblatt 5 2.2.2 Previous Studies at abroad 6 Chapter 3 The Theoretical Framework 6 3.1 Information about Nida 6 3.2 Development of Functional Equivalence Theory 7 3.3 Content of Functional Equivalence Theory 9 Chapter 4 Analysis the English Version 10 4.1 Functional Equivalence in Culture-loaded words 10 4.1.1Translation of Appellation 11 4.1.2 Translation of Name 11 4.1.3 Translation of Folk Adage 12 4.1.4 Translation of Myths and Legends 13 4.1.5 Translation of Specific Items 14 4.1.6 Translation of Idioms 14 4.2 Functional Equivalence in Culture-loaded Expressions 15 4.2.1 Translation of Folk Rituals 16 4.2.2Translation of Folk Ballad 19 4.3 The Inspiration of Life and Death are Wearing Me Out to the Contemporary Literature 21 Chapter 5 Conclusion 22 5.1 Major Findings of my Research 22 5.2 Limitations and Suggestions for Future Study 24 References 26 Appendix 29 Studies on Translation Strategy in English Version of Sheng Si Pi Lao from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Chapter 1 Introduction This chapter will chiefly introduce certain background information and the significance of the subject. It is in this background that the author of this thesis has been inspired and promoted, in order to have some reference value to the future research.  1.1 Research background December 7, 2012 at 5:30 pm (Sweden time), Mo Yan as a Chinese Nobel Prize winner in Stockholm, Sweden, published a speech entitled "storytellers" literary lecture which is the first time that Chinese writers have received this award. In the history of the Nobel, there has been several Chinese people won the Nobel Prize, Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao won the physics award who are Chinese-American, won the 2000 literary award Gao Xingjian is French nationality. However, Mo Yan's award broke the situation, and for the Chinese writer has brought a high honor. "with hallucinatory realism merges folk tales, history and the contemporary, " the jury said. His works were strongly influenced by magical realism and told the tales of numerous legends which took place in Gaomi, Shandong Province. Howard Goldblatt, as the prominent American sinologist and Mo Ya