2023年法律英语术语解读JustifiableDefense正当防卫.docx

法律英语术语解读：Justifiable Defense正当防卫 我国刑法第二十条对正当防卫的规定是：为了使国家、公共利益、本人或者别人的人身、财产和其他权利免受正在进展的不法损害，而采取的制止不法损害的行为，对不法损害人造成损害的，属于正当防卫，不负刑事责任。 正当防卫明显超过必要限度造成严峻损害的，应当负刑事责任，但是应当减轻或者免除处分。 对正在进展行凶、杀人、抢劫、强奸、绑架以及其他严峻危及人身平安的暴力犯罪，采取防卫行为，造成不法损害人伤亡的，不属于防卫过当，不负刑事责任。“ If a person employs an act to stop an unlawful infringement for the purposes of avoiding the said infringement for the State’s or the public interest or for his own or another person’s right of the person, property right or any other right, thus causing harm to the unlawful infringer, the said act shall be regarded as a justifiable defense and the said person shall not bear criminal responsibility. If a justifiable defense apparently exceeds the limits of necessity, thus causing a serious harm, the person involved shall bear criminal responsibility, but be given a mitigated punishment or be exempt from punishment. If a person employs an act of defense to an immediate violent crime of committing physical assault, homicide, robbery, rape, kidnapping or any other crime seriously endangering the safety of another person, thus causing bodily injury or death to the unlawful infringer, the said act shall not be regarded as a defense that exceeds the limits of necessity, and the said person shall not bear criminal responsibility. 用法解读： employs an act：采取......的行动； unlawful infringement：不法损害； for the purposes of：为了，由于，出于； bear criminal responsibility：承担/担负刑事责任； the said act：前述行为； exceeds the limits of necessity：超过必要限度； exempt from：免予，免除